Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305116399
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 38, Problem 38.1CQ
To determine
To explain: Whether the atoms in a crystal can produce a diffraction pattern for visible light as they do for x-rays or cannot.
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The atoms in a crystal lie in planes separated by a few tenths of a nanometer. Can a crystal be used to produce a diffraction pattern with visible light as it does for x-rays? Explain your answer with reference to Bragg’s law.
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Chapter 38 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
Ch. 38 - Suppose the slit width in Figure 37.4 is made half...Ch. 38 - Consider the central peak in the diffraction...Ch. 38 - Cats eyes have pupils that can be modeled as...Ch. 38 - Suppose you are observing a binary star with a...Ch. 38 - Ultraviolet light of wavelength 350 nm is incident...Ch. 38 - A polarizer for microwaves can be made as a grid...Ch. 38 - You are walking down a long hallway that has many...Ch. 38 - Certain sunglasses use a polarizing material to...Ch. 38 - What is most likely to happen to a beam of light...Ch. 38 - In Figure 38.4, assume the slit is in a barrier...
Ch. 38 - A Fraunhofer diffraction pattern is produced on a...Ch. 38 - Consider a wave passing through a single slit....Ch. 38 - Assume Figure 38.1 was photographed with red light...Ch. 38 - If plane polarized light is sent through two...Ch. 38 - Why is it advantageous to use a large-diameter...Ch. 38 - What combination of optical phenomena causes the...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.10OQCh. 38 - When unpolarized light passes through a...Ch. 38 - Off in the distance, you see the headlights of a...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.1CQCh. 38 - Holding your hand at arms length, you can readily...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.3CQCh. 38 - (a) Is light from the sky polarized? (b) Why is it...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.5CQCh. 38 - If a coin is glued to a glass sheet and this...Ch. 38 - Fingerprints left on a piece of glass such as a...Ch. 38 - A laser produces a beam a few millimeters wide,...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.9CQCh. 38 - John William Strutt, Lord Rayleigh (1842-1919),...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.11CQCh. 38 - Prob. 38.12CQCh. 38 - Light of wavelength 587.5 nm illuminates a slit of...Ch. 38 - Heliumneon laser light ( = 632.8 nm) is sent...Ch. 38 - Sound with a frequency 650 Hz from a distant...Ch. 38 - A horizontal laser beam of wavelength 632.8 nm has...Ch. 38 - Coherent microwaves of wavelength 5.00 cm enter a...Ch. 38 - Light of wavelength 540 nm passes through a slit...Ch. 38 - A screen is placed 50.0 cm from a single slit,...Ch. 38 - A screen is placed a distance L from a single slit...Ch. 38 - Assume light of wavelength 650 nm passes through...Ch. 38 - What If? Suppose light strikes a single slit of...Ch. 38 - A diffraction pattern is formed on a screen 120 cm...Ch. 38 - Coherent light of wavelength 501.5 nm is sent...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.13PCh. 38 - The pupil of a cats eye narrows to a vertical slit...Ch. 38 - The angular resolution of a radio telescope is to...Ch. 38 - A pinhole camera has a small circular aperture of...Ch. 38 - The objective lens of a certain refracting...Ch. 38 - Yellow light of wavelength 589 nm is used to view...Ch. 38 - What is the approximate size of the smallest...Ch. 38 - A heliumneon laser emits light that has a...Ch. 38 - To increase the resolving power of a microscope,...Ch. 38 - Narrow, parallel, glowing gas-filled tubes in a...Ch. 38 - Impressionist painter Georges Seurat created...Ch. 38 - A circular radar antenna on a Coast Guard ship has...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.25PCh. 38 - Prob. 38.26PCh. 38 - Consider an array of parallel wires with uniform...Ch. 38 - Three discrete spectral lines occur at angles of...Ch. 38 - The laser in a compact disc player must precisely...Ch. 38 - A grating with 250 grooves/mm is used with an...Ch. 38 - A diffraction grating has 4 200 rulings/cm. On a...Ch. 38 - The hydrogen spectrum includes a red line at 656...Ch. 38 - Light from an argon laser strikes a diffraction...Ch. 38 - Show that whenever white light is passed through a...Ch. 38 - Light of wavelength 500 nm is incident normally on...Ch. 38 - A wide beam of laser light with a wavelength of...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.37PCh. 38 - Prob. 38.38PCh. 38 - Potassium iodide (Kl) has the same crystalline...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.40PCh. 38 - Prob. 38.41PCh. 38 - Why is the following situation impossible? A...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.43PCh. 38 - The angle of incidence of a light beam onto a...Ch. 38 - Unpolarized light passes through two ideal...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.46PCh. 38 - You use a sequence of ideal polarizing niters,...Ch. 38 - An unpolarized beam of light is incident on a...Ch. 38 - The critical angle for total internal reflection...Ch. 38 - For a particular transparent medium surrounded by...Ch. 38 - Three polarizing plates whose planes are parallel...Ch. 38 - Two polarizing sheets are placed together with...Ch. 38 - In a single-slit diffraction pattern, assuming...Ch. 38 - Laser light with a wavelength of 632.8 nm is...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.55APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.56APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.57APCh. 38 - Two motorcycles separated laterally by 2.30 m are...Ch. 38 - The Very Large Array (VLA) is a set of 27 radio...Ch. 38 - Two wavelengths and + (with ) are incident on...Ch. 38 - Review. A beam of 541-nm light is incident on a...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.62APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.63APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.64APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.65APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.66APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.67APCh. 38 - A pinhole camera has a small circular aperture of...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.69APCh. 38 - (a) Light traveling in a medium of index of...Ch. 38 - The intensity of light in a diffraction pattern of...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.72APCh. 38 - Two closely spaced wavelengths of light are...Ch. 38 - Light of wavelength 632.8 nm illuminates a single...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.75CPCh. 38 - A spy satellite can consist of a large-diameter...Ch. 38 - Suppose the single slit in Figure 38.4 is 6.00 cm...Ch. 38 - In Figure P37.52, suppose the transmission axes of...Ch. 38 - Consider a light wave passing through a slit and...
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- Crystal lattices can be examined with x rays but not UV. Why?arrow_forwardThe figure below shows a graph of intensity as a function of angle for X-ray diffraction in a given crystal.X-ray diffraction in a given crystal. The beam consists of two wavelengths, and the spacing between thereflection planes is 0.94 nm. What are these wavelengths?arrow_forwardYou are given a small bar of an unknown metal. You find the density of the metal to be 11.5 g/cm3. An X-ray diffraction experiment measures the edge of the face-centered cubic unit cell as 4.06 x 10-10 m. Find the gram-atomic weight of this metal and tentatively identify it.arrow_forward
- (a) What are X-rays? Differentiate between characteristic (monochromatic) and continuous X-rays. What are Laue equations for diffraction of X-rays by a crystalline solid? Show that the Bragg's equation is a special case of the Laue equations.arrow_forwardplease explainarrow_forwardAn electron beam, where all electrons have the same energy of 42.5 eV, strikes perpendicularly on the surface of a crystalline material, causing electrons to scatter from the surface atoms. The order of diffraction m = 2 intensity maximum occurs at an angle of 60.6\ deg relative to the surface normal. a) Calculate the distance between atoms in the surface layer. d = b) Are there any other intensity maxima? 1) Yes. 2) No.arrow_forward
- A carbon atom's diameter is approximately 0.2 nm. What fraction of this size is an x-ray of frequency 6.7 x1018 Hz? X 0.2mm How many of these wavelengths would it take to span the diameter of a sodium atom (.23 nm)? N = wavesarrow_forwardA crystal has regularly spaced atoms that can act like a diffraction grating (which has many evenly spaced slits). Diffraction patterns form when the wavelength of a photon is similar in size to the spacing between atoms. Consider a crystal where the atomic spacing is 0.23 nm, and a photon of wavelength equal to this spacing. What part of the electromagnetic spectrum is such a photon? O infrared Ovisible light O ultraviolet Ox-ray gamma ray What is the momentum of this photon? Pph = kg-m/s Note that you will need to use exponential notation for your answer. Express it using "E": 1.23 x1024 is entered as 1.23E24. Particles such as electrons can act like waves just as photons do. In fact, they can be diffracted in just the same way by a crystal. What momentum would an electron have if its wavelength equals that of the photon (per the previous answer)? kg-m/s (Use exponential notation as above) What is the velocity that such an electron would have? For reference, the electron mass is 9.11…arrow_forwardX rays scattered from a crystal have a fi rst-order diffraction peak at θ =12.5°. At what angle will the second- and third-order peaks appear?arrow_forward
- Home work 1: Beam of X- rays of A = 0.842A° is incident on a crystal at a grazing angle of 8.35 when the first Bragg's reflection occurs calculate the glancing angle for third order reflection. ImsuenM amsum Home work 2: X- rays with wave length of 0.58 A° are used for calculating d(200) in nickel .The reflection angle is 9.5° when is the size of unit cell Home work 3: The Bragg's angle corresponding to the first order reflection from (111) plane in a crystal is 30 when X- rays of wave length 1.75A° are used, calculate inter atomic spacing. Home work 4: Calculate the wave length that can analyses by a rock salt crystal of spacing d = 2.82 A° in the first order. DialerSarrow_forward3) Help me to solve this question, only typingarrow_forwarda) A monochromator is used as shown in the setup below to obtain a single wavelength λ = 1.5 Å X-ray from X-rays emanating from an X-ray source. The monochromator is made of Germanium single crystal. This is the Miller index (111) of the planes in the Germanium single crystal and the distance between the planes is d111 = 1.2 Å. What is the value of the monochromator angle θ ? b) Calculate the energy of the X-ray with wavelength λ = 1.5 Å in eV.arrow_forward
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