Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305116399
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 38, Problem 38.40P
To determine
The angle for beam to be directed for a second order maximum.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Monochromatic x-rays (λ = 0.166 nm) from a nickel target are incident on a potassium chloride (KCl) crystal surface. The spacing between planes of atoms in KCl is 0.314 nm. At what angle (relative to the surface) should the beam bedirected for a second-order maximum to be observed?
An X-ray beam of a wavelength 0.15 nm is incident on an NaCl crystal, at 25° to
reflecting planes of the crystal. If the first order reflections occurred in the spectrum, find
the spacing of the reflecting planes of the crystal.
(а) 0.18 pm
(b) 0.35 nm
(c) 0.18 nm
(d) 0.35 pm
An x-ray beam of a certain wavelength is incident on an NaCl crystal, at 30.0° to a certain family of reflecting planes of spacing 39.8 pm. If the reflection from those planes is of the first order, what is the wavelength of the x rays?
Chapter 38 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
Ch. 38 - Suppose the slit width in Figure 37.4 is made half...Ch. 38 - Consider the central peak in the diffraction...Ch. 38 - Cats eyes have pupils that can be modeled as...Ch. 38 - Suppose you are observing a binary star with a...Ch. 38 - Ultraviolet light of wavelength 350 nm is incident...Ch. 38 - A polarizer for microwaves can be made as a grid...Ch. 38 - You are walking down a long hallway that has many...Ch. 38 - Certain sunglasses use a polarizing material to...Ch. 38 - What is most likely to happen to a beam of light...Ch. 38 - In Figure 38.4, assume the slit is in a barrier...
Ch. 38 - A Fraunhofer diffraction pattern is produced on a...Ch. 38 - Consider a wave passing through a single slit....Ch. 38 - Assume Figure 38.1 was photographed with red light...Ch. 38 - If plane polarized light is sent through two...Ch. 38 - Why is it advantageous to use a large-diameter...Ch. 38 - What combination of optical phenomena causes the...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.10OQCh. 38 - When unpolarized light passes through a...Ch. 38 - Off in the distance, you see the headlights of a...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.1CQCh. 38 - Holding your hand at arms length, you can readily...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.3CQCh. 38 - (a) Is light from the sky polarized? (b) Why is it...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.5CQCh. 38 - If a coin is glued to a glass sheet and this...Ch. 38 - Fingerprints left on a piece of glass such as a...Ch. 38 - A laser produces a beam a few millimeters wide,...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.9CQCh. 38 - John William Strutt, Lord Rayleigh (1842-1919),...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.11CQCh. 38 - Prob. 38.12CQCh. 38 - Light of wavelength 587.5 nm illuminates a slit of...Ch. 38 - Heliumneon laser light ( = 632.8 nm) is sent...Ch. 38 - Sound with a frequency 650 Hz from a distant...Ch. 38 - A horizontal laser beam of wavelength 632.8 nm has...Ch. 38 - Coherent microwaves of wavelength 5.00 cm enter a...Ch. 38 - Light of wavelength 540 nm passes through a slit...Ch. 38 - A screen is placed 50.0 cm from a single slit,...Ch. 38 - A screen is placed a distance L from a single slit...Ch. 38 - Assume light of wavelength 650 nm passes through...Ch. 38 - What If? Suppose light strikes a single slit of...Ch. 38 - A diffraction pattern is formed on a screen 120 cm...Ch. 38 - Coherent light of wavelength 501.5 nm is sent...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.13PCh. 38 - The pupil of a cats eye narrows to a vertical slit...Ch. 38 - The angular resolution of a radio telescope is to...Ch. 38 - A pinhole camera has a small circular aperture of...Ch. 38 - The objective lens of a certain refracting...Ch. 38 - Yellow light of wavelength 589 nm is used to view...Ch. 38 - What is the approximate size of the smallest...Ch. 38 - A heliumneon laser emits light that has a...Ch. 38 - To increase the resolving power of a microscope,...Ch. 38 - Narrow, parallel, glowing gas-filled tubes in a...Ch. 38 - Impressionist painter Georges Seurat created...Ch. 38 - A circular radar antenna on a Coast Guard ship has...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.25PCh. 38 - Prob. 38.26PCh. 38 - Consider an array of parallel wires with uniform...Ch. 38 - Three discrete spectral lines occur at angles of...Ch. 38 - The laser in a compact disc player must precisely...Ch. 38 - A grating with 250 grooves/mm is used with an...Ch. 38 - A diffraction grating has 4 200 rulings/cm. On a...Ch. 38 - The hydrogen spectrum includes a red line at 656...Ch. 38 - Light from an argon laser strikes a diffraction...Ch. 38 - Show that whenever white light is passed through a...Ch. 38 - Light of wavelength 500 nm is incident normally on...Ch. 38 - A wide beam of laser light with a wavelength of...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.37PCh. 38 - Prob. 38.38PCh. 38 - Potassium iodide (Kl) has the same crystalline...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.40PCh. 38 - Prob. 38.41PCh. 38 - Why is the following situation impossible? A...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.43PCh. 38 - The angle of incidence of a light beam onto a...Ch. 38 - Unpolarized light passes through two ideal...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.46PCh. 38 - You use a sequence of ideal polarizing niters,...Ch. 38 - An unpolarized beam of light is incident on a...Ch. 38 - The critical angle for total internal reflection...Ch. 38 - For a particular transparent medium surrounded by...Ch. 38 - Three polarizing plates whose planes are parallel...Ch. 38 - Two polarizing sheets are placed together with...Ch. 38 - In a single-slit diffraction pattern, assuming...Ch. 38 - Laser light with a wavelength of 632.8 nm is...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.55APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.56APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.57APCh. 38 - Two motorcycles separated laterally by 2.30 m are...Ch. 38 - The Very Large Array (VLA) is a set of 27 radio...Ch. 38 - Two wavelengths and + (with ) are incident on...Ch. 38 - Review. A beam of 541-nm light is incident on a...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.62APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.63APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.64APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.65APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.66APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.67APCh. 38 - A pinhole camera has a small circular aperture of...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.69APCh. 38 - (a) Light traveling in a medium of index of...Ch. 38 - The intensity of light in a diffraction pattern of...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.72APCh. 38 - Two closely spaced wavelengths of light are...Ch. 38 - Light of wavelength 632.8 nm illuminates a single...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.75CPCh. 38 - A spy satellite can consist of a large-diameter...Ch. 38 - Suppose the single slit in Figure 38.4 is 6.00 cm...Ch. 38 - In Figure P37.52, suppose the transmission axes of...Ch. 38 - Consider a light wave passing through a slit and...
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- The structure of the NaCl crystal forms reflecting planes 0.541 nm apart. What is the smallest angle, measured from these planes, at which X-ray diffraction can be observed, if X-rays of wavelength 0.085 nm are used?arrow_forwardAs a single crystal is rotated in an x-ray spectrometer (Fig. 3.22a), many parallel planes of atoms besides AA and BB produce strong diffracted beams. Two such planes are shown in Figure P3.38. (a) Determine geometrically the interplanar spacings d1 and d2 in terms of d0. (b) Find the angles (with respect to the surface plane AA) of the n = 1, 2, and 3 intensity maxima from planes with spacing d1. Let = 0.626 and d0 = 4.00 . Note that a given crystal structure (for example, cubic) has interplanar spacings with characteristic ratios, which produce characteristic diffraction patterns. In this way, measurement of the angular position of diffracted x-rays may be used to infer the crystal structure. Figure P3.38 Atomic planes in a cubic lattice.arrow_forwardOn a certain crystal, a first-order X-ray diffraction maximum is observed at an angle of 27.1° relative to its surface, using an X-ray source of unknown wavelength. Additionally, when illuminated with a different, this time of known wavelength 0.137 nm, a second-order maximum is detected at 37.3°. Determine (a) the spacing between the reflecting planes, and (b) the unknown wavelength.arrow_forward
- An X-ray scattering experiment is performed on a crystal whose atoms form planes separated by 0.440 nm. Using an X-ray source of wavelength 0.548 nm, what is the angle (with respect to the planes in question) at which the experimenter needs to illuminate the crystal in order to observe a first-order maximum?arrow_forwardFirst-order Bragg scattering from a certain crystal occurs at an angle of incidence of 63.8°; see figure below. The wavelength of the x-rays is 0.261nm. Assuming that the scattering is from the dashed planes shown, find the unit cell size ao. 63.8° X raysarrow_forwardThe X-ray powder pattern for a silvery-grey metal has reflections at 0 = 20.25°, 29.30°, 36.82°, 43.81°, 50.69°, 58.00°, 66.30°, and other larger angles when Cu Ka X-rays are used (A = 154.05 pm). (a) What type of cubic crystal is formed by the metal? (b) What is the volume of the metal's unit cell (in cubic Å) at this temperature?arrow_forward
- X ray diffraction in Potassium Chloride (KCl) results in a first order maximum when 97 pm wavelength X rays graze the crystal plane at 8.5 degrees. Find the spacing between crystal plane?arrow_forwardPotassium chloride (KCI) has a set of crystal planes separated by a distance of d= 0.34 nm. At what glancing angle 0 to these planes would the first-order Bragg maximum occur for X-rays of wavelength 0.05 nm?arrow_forwardlet a beam of x rays of wavelength 0.125 nm be incident on an NaCl crystal at angle u 45.0° to the top face of the crystal and a family of reflecting planes. Let the reflecting planes have separation d = 0.252 nm. The crystal is turned through angle f around an axis perpendicular to the plane of the page until these reflecting planes give diffraction maxima. What are the (a) smaller and (b) larger value of f if the crystal is turned clockwise and the (c) smaller and (d) larger value of f if it is turned counterclockwise?arrow_forward
- When a diffraction pattern of a crystalline solid is recorded using an X-ray beam of wavelength 0.26 nm, the first order diffraction peak occurs at a scattering angle of 35°. If the error in the measurements of angle and wavelength are 1° and 0.01 nm respectively, then determine the error in measuring the interplanar spacing. (a) 22.86 nm (b) 32.38 nm (c) 15.2 nm (d) 13.2 nmarrow_forwardAn x-ray was used to examine a sample of chromium having a BCC crystal structure.Using x-rays having a wavelength of 0.1682 nm, a diffractometer is used. The distorting (010) aircraft is the plane. Chromium has an atomic radius of 0.125 nm. A)Compute the interplanar spacing and Calculate the diffraction angle. Assume second-order of diffraction, n = 2.arrow_forwardThe diamond has a face-centered cubic crystal lattice, and there are eight atoms in a unit cell. Its density is 3.51 g cm -3 Calculate the first six angles at which reflections would be ob tained using an X-ray beam of wavelength 7.12 pm.arrow_forward
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