University Physics Volume 2
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168161
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 60P
An amount of n moles of a monatomic ideal gas in a
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m
C
A block of mass m slides down a ramp of height hand
collides with an identical block that is initially at rest.
The two blocks stick together and travel around a loop of
radius R without losing contact with the track. Point A is
at the top of the loop, point B is at the end of a horizon-
tal diameter, and point C is at the bottom of the loop, as
shown in the figure above. Assume that friction between
the track and blocks is negligible.
(a) The dots below represent the two connected
blocks at points A, B, and C. Draw free-body dia-
grams showing and labeling the forces (not com
ponents) exerted on the blocks at each position.
Draw the relative lengths of all vectors to reflect
the relative magnitude of the forces.
Point A
Point B
Point C
(b) For each of the following, derive an expression in
terms of m, h, R, and fundamental constants.
i. The speed of moving block at the bottom of
the ramp, just before it contacts the stationary
block
ii. The speed of the two blocks immediately…
The velocity of an elevator is given by the graph shown.
Assume the positive direction is upward.
Velocity (m/s)
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
0
5.0
10
15
20
25
Time (s)
(a) Briefly describe the motion of the elevator.
Justify your description with reference to the
graph.
(b) Assume the elevator starts from an initial position
of y = 0 at t=0. Deriving any numerical values
you
need from the graph:
i. Write an equation for the position as a
function of time for the elevator from
t=0 to t = 3.0 seconds.
ii. Write an equation for the position as a
function of time for the elevator from t = 3.0
seconds to t = 19 seconds.
(c) A student of weight mg gets on the elevator
and rides the elevator during the time interval
shown in the graph. Consider the force of con-
tact, F, between the floor and the student. How
Justify your answer with reference to the graph
does F compare to mg at the following times?
and your equations above.
i. = 1.0 s
ii. = 10.0 s
Students are asked to use circular motion to measure the
coefficient of static friction between two materials. They
have a round turntable with a surface made from one of
the materials, for which they can vary the speed of rotation.
They also have a small block of mass m made from the sec-
ond material. A rough sketch of the apparatus is shown in
the figure below. Additionally they have equipment normally
found in a physics classroom.
Axis
m
(a) Briefly describe a procedure that would allow you
to use this apparatus to calculate the coefficient of
static friction, u.
(b) Based on your procedure, determine how to
analyze the data collected to calculate the
coefficient of friction.
(c) One group of students collects the following
data.
r (m)
fm (rev/s)
0.050
1.30
0.10
0.88
0.15
0.74
0.20
0.61
0.25
0.58
i. Use the empty spaces in the table as needed to
calculate quantities that would allow you to
use the slope of a line graph to calculate the
coefficient of friction, providing labels with…
Chapter 3 Solutions
University Physics Volume 2
Ch. 3 - The paths ABC, AC, and ADC represent three...Ch. 3 - Check Your Understanding The quantities below...Ch. 3 - Check Your Understanding Why was it necessary to...Ch. 3 - Check Your Understanding When 1.00 g of ammonia...Ch. 3 - Consider these scenarios and state whether work is...Ch. 3 - Is it possible to determine whether a change in...Ch. 3 - When a liquid is vaporized, its change in internal...Ch. 3 - Why does a bicycle pump feel warm as you inflate...Ch. 3 - Is it possible for the temperature of a system to...Ch. 3 - What does the first law of thermodynamics tell us...
Ch. 3 - Does adding heat to a system always increase its...Ch. 3 - A great deal of effort, time, and money has been...Ch. 3 - When a gas expands isothermally, it does work....Ch. 3 - If the pressure and volume of a system are given,...Ch. 3 - It is unlikely that a process can be isothermal...Ch. 3 - How can an object transfer heat if the object does...Ch. 3 - Most materials expand when heated. One notable...Ch. 3 - Why are there two specific heats for gases Cp and...Ch. 3 - Is it possible for to be smaller than unity? `Ch. 3 - Would you expect to be larger for a gas or a...Ch. 3 - There is no change in the internal of an ideal gas...Ch. 3 - Does a gas do any work when it expands...Ch. 3 - A gas follows on an isothermal curve, where p is...Ch. 3 - A mole of gas has isobaric expansion coefficient...Ch. 3 - Find the equation of state of a solid that has an...Ch. 3 - A gas at a pressure of 2.00 atm undergoes a...Ch. 3 - It takes 500 J of work to compress...Ch. 3 - It is found that, when a dilute gas expands...Ch. 3 - In a quasi-static isobaric expansion. 500 J of...Ch. 3 - When a gas undergoes a quasi-static isobaric...Ch. 3 - An ideal gas expands quasi-statically and...Ch. 3 - As shown below, calculate the work done by the gas...Ch. 3 - (a) Calculate the work done by the gas along the...Ch. 3 - An ideal gas expands quasi-statically to three...Ch. 3 - A dilute gas at a pressure of 2.0 atm and a volume...Ch. 3 - What is the average mechanical energy of the atoms...Ch. 3 - What is the internal energy of 6.00 mol of an...Ch. 3 - Calculate the internal energy of 15 mg of helium...Ch. 3 - Two monatomic ideal gases A and B are at the same...Ch. 3 - The van der Waals coefficients for oxygen are...Ch. 3 - Find the work done in the quasi-static processes...Ch. 3 - When a dilute gas expands quasi-statically from...Ch. 3 - In a quasi-static isobaric expansion, 500 J of...Ch. 3 - An ideal gas quasi-statically and isothermally...Ch. 3 - As shown below, if the heat absorbed by the gas...Ch. 3 - During the isobaric expansion from A to B...Ch. 3 - (a) What is the change in internal energy for the...Ch. 3 - When a gas expands along path AC shown below, it...Ch. 3 - When a gas expands along AB (see below), it does...Ch. 3 - A dilute gas is stored in the left chamber of a...Ch. 3 - Ideal gases A and B are stored in the left and...Ch. 3 - An ideal monatomic gas at a pressure of 2.0105N/m2...Ch. 3 - Consider the process for steam in a cylinder shown...Ch. 3 - The state of 30 moles of steam in a cylinder is...Ch. 3 - A monatomic ideal gas undergoes a quasi-static...Ch. 3 - A metallic container of fixed volume of 2.5103 m3...Ch. 3 - A gas in a cylindrical closed container is...Ch. 3 - Two moles of a monatomic ideal gas at (5 MPa, 5 L)...Ch. 3 - Consider a transformation from point A to B in a...Ch. 3 - Consider a cylinder with a movable piston...Ch. 3 - An ideal gas expands isothermally along AB and...Ch. 3 - Consider the processes shown below. In the...Ch. 3 - Two moles of helium gas axe placed in a...Ch. 3 - An amount of n moles of a monatomic ideal gas in a...Ch. 3 - The temperature of an ideal monatomic gas rises by...Ch. 3 - For a temperature increase of 10 at constant...Ch. 3 - If the gases of the preceding problem are...Ch. 3 - Consider 0.40 mol of dilute carbon dioxide at a...Ch. 3 - When 400 J of heat are slowly added to 10 mol of...Ch. 3 - One of a dilute diatomic gas occupying a volume of...Ch. 3 - A monatomic ideal gas undergoes a quasi-static...Ch. 3 - An ideal gas has a pressure of 0.50 atm and a...Ch. 3 - Pressure and volume measurements of a dilute gas...Ch. 3 - An ideal monatomic gas at 300 K expands...Ch. 3 - An ideal diatomic gas at 80 K is slowly compressed...Ch. 3 - An ideal diatomic gas at 80 K is slowly compressed...Ch. 3 - Compare the charge in internal energy of an ideal...Ch. 3 - The temperature of n moles of an ideal gas changes...Ch. 3 - A dilute gas expands quasi-statically to three...Ch. 3 - (a) An ideal gas expands adiabatically from a...Ch. 3 - On an adiabatic process of an ideal gas pressure,...Ch. 3 - Two moles of a monatomic ideal gas such as helium...Ch. 3 - Consider the process shown below. During steps AB...Ch. 3 - A car tile contains 0.0380 m3 of air at a pressure...Ch. 3 - A helium-filled toy balloon has a gauge pressure...Ch. 3 - Steam to drive an old-fashioned steam locomotive...Ch. 3 - A hand-driven tire pump has a piston with a...Ch. 3 - Calculate the net work output of a heat engine...Ch. 3 - What is the net work output of a heat engine that...Ch. 3 - Five moles of a monatomic ideal gas in a cylinder...Ch. 3 - Four moles of a monatomic ideal gas in a cylinder...Ch. 3 - Helium gas is cooled from 20 to 10 by expanding...Ch. 3 - In an adiabatic process, oxygen gas in a container...Ch. 3 - A cylinder containing three moles of a monatomic...Ch. 3 - A cylinder containing three moles of nitrogen gas...Ch. 3 - Two moles of a monatomic ideal gas such as oxygen...Ch. 3 - An insulated vessel contains 1.5 moles of argon at...Ch. 3 - One mole of an ideal monatomic gas occupies a...Ch. 3 - One mole of an ideal gas is initially in a chamber...Ch. 3 - A bullet of mass 10 g is traveling horizontally at...Ch. 3 - The insulated cylinder shown below is closed at...Ch. 3 - In a diesel engine, the fuel is ignited without a...
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