Rank the three diets from best to worst, according to their potential effect on heart disease. Concept introduction: Diet in nutrition refers to all the food consumed by a person in a day. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) transports fat, essentially cholesterol molecules, in an aqueous medium. HDL carries cholesterol to the liver for breaking it down to simple forms, where it is converted into bile acids and sent to the intestine for excretion.

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Lipoproteins are relatively large, combined clumps of both protein and lipid molecules that circulate in the blood of mammals. They come in two forms, called HDL and LDL, and they act like suitcases to move cholesterol, fatty acid remnants, triglycerides, and phospholipids from one place to another through the bloodstream. (LDL recirculates lipids throughout the body, while HDL takes lipids to the liver to excrete them in feces.) Given that lipids are hydrophobic and proteins can be hydrophilic, which of the following statements is correct? (a) The lipid portion of LDL does not dissolve in the bloodstream, while the lipid portion of HDL does. (b) The protein portions of both LDL and HDL can dissolve or interact with the water molecules in the bloodstream. (c) Neither the protein nor the lipid portions of LDL molecules can interact with water molecules in the bloodstream. (d) Both the protein and the lipid portions of HDL molecules can interact with water molecules in the bloodstream.…

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Chapter 3, Problem 4DAA

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To explain: Rank the three diets from best to worst, according to their potential effect on heart disease.

Concept introduction: Diet in nutrition refers to all the food consumed by a person in a day. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) transports fat, essentially cholesterol molecules, in an aqueous medium. HDL carries cholesterol to the liver for breaking it down to simple forms, where it is converted into bile acids and sent to the intestine for excretion.

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Lipoproteins are relatively large, combined clumps of both protein and lipid molecules that circulate in the blood of mammals. They come in two forms, called HDL and LDL, and they act like suitcases to move cholesterol, fatty acid remnants, triglycerides, and phospholipids from one place to another through the bloodstream. (LDL recirculates lipids throughout the body, while HDL takes lipids to the liver to excrete them in feces.) Given that lipids are hydrophobic and proteins can be hydrophilic, which of the following statements is correct? (a) The lipid portion of LDL does not dissolve in the bloodstream, while the lipid portion of HDL does. (b) The protein portions of both LDL and HDL can dissolve or interact with the water molecules in the bloodstream. (c) Neither the protein nor the lipid portions of LDL molecules can interact with water molecules in the bloodstream. (d) Both the protein and the lipid portions of HDL molecules can interact with water molecules in the bloodstream.…

Current dietary recommendations to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease include all of the following EXCEPT O Eliminate all dietary cholesterol from your diet, such as that found in egg yolk, because it is the main cause of heart disease. O Consume more monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats such as those found in olive oil, fish, nuts, and avocados instead of saturated fats found in red meats. O Increase consumption of oats, legumes, and soy products that may help lower blood cholesterol levels. O Try to eliminate trans-fats from your diet completely.

While not a lipid, cholesterol is often found associated with membranes. Explain how a cholesterol molecule is able to be held in place, and which parts of the cholesterol associate with which parts of the lipds. Animals like caribou (a.k.a. reindeer) that live in cold arctic regions such as the north pole often have more cholesterol in their legs than the rest of their bodies. Suggest a reason this may occur (cholesterol does not help with flight).