Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 1DAA
Summary Introduction

To explain: The group that had the highest level of LDL (“bad” cholesterol).

Concept introduction: Lipoproteins are carriers of hydrophobic molecules, in the extracellular matrix and blood. They are made of phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins. Proteins are made of amino acids. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) transports fat, essentially cholesterol molecules, in an aqueous medium. LDL can get oxidized in arterial walls and form plaque. Saturated fatty acids have fatty acid chains lacking double bonds between their carbon atoms.

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Cholesterol that is made by the liver or that enters the body from food does not dissolve in blood, so it is carried through the bloodstream by lipoproteins. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) carries cholesterol to body tissues such as artery walls, where it can form deposits associated with cardiovascular disease. Thus, LDL is often called "bad" cholesterol. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) carries cholesterol away from tissues to the liver for disposal, so HDL is often called "good" cholesterol.   LDL levels were highest in the diet containing primarily ______.   A. cis fatty acids   B. saturated fats   C. trans fatty acids
Lipoproteins are relatively large, combined clumps of both protein and lipid molecules that circulate in the blood of mammals. They come in two forms, called HDL and LDL, and they act like suitcases to move cholesterol, fatty acid remnants, triglycerides, and phospholipids from one place to another through the bloodstream. (LDL recirculates lipids throughout the body, while HDL takes lipids to the liver to excrete them in feces.) Given that lipids are hydrophobic and proteins can be hydrophilic, which of the following statements is correct? (a) The lipid portion of LDL does not dissolve in the bloodstream, while the lipid portion of HDL does. (b) The protein portions of both LDL and HDL can dissolve or interact with the water molecules in the bloodstream. (c) Neither the protein nor the lipid portions of LDL molecules can interact with water molecules in the bloodstream. (d) Both the protein and the lipid portions of HDL molecules can interact with water molecules in the bloodstream.…
Current dietary recommendations to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease include all of the following EXCEPT O Eliminate all dietary cholesterol from your diet, such as that found in egg yolk, because it is the main cause of heart disease. O Consume more monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats such as those found in olive oil, fish, nuts, and avocados instead of saturated fats found in red meats. O Increase consumption of oats, legumes, and soy products that may help lower blood cholesterol levels. O Try to eliminate trans-fats from your diet completely.
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