Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 3, Problem 11TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain:
What type of amino acids are present in the DNA-binding region of proteins.
Concept introduction:
DNA-binding proteins are a specific type of protein that contain DNA-binding domains. They possess a high affinity toward single or double-stranded DNA molecules. These DNA-binding proteins interact with DNA molecules at a major or minor groove of the DNA structure. These proteins help in modulating the function of DNA, for example, transcription.
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Suppose that the gene for a protein 500 amino acids in length undergoes a mutation. If the mutation causes the synthesis of a
mutant protein in which just one of the 500 amino acids is incorrect, the protein may lose its biological function.
How can a small change in a protein's sequence inactivate the protein?
The catalytic site of the protein may be malformed, preventing complementary fit.
RNA may not recognize the altered DNA sequence, and bases may pair incorrectly.
It may alter the shape of the protein's molecular chaperone, preventing proper protein folding.
The active site may base pair incorrectly with the complementary DNA strand.
The resulting protein may fold incorrectly and may not attain its native conformation.
Consider the following DNA sequence:CATGTGTAGTCTAAAa. Write the sequence of the DNA strand that would be repli-cated from this one.b. Write the sequence of the RNA molecule that would betranscribed from the DNA strand.c. State how many codons the sequence specifies.d. State how many amino acids the sequence specifies
Suppose you are provided with a sequence of nucleotides. How would you determine if the sequence is of mRNA, tRNA, or DNA molecules?
Chapter 3 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 3.1 - How are gasoline and fat chemically similar?Ch. 3.1 - Which molecules in Figure 3.4a re isomers? For...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 3.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 3.2 - How many molecules of water are needed to...Ch. 3.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose you eat a serving of fish. What...Ch. 3.3 - Write the formula for a monosaccharide that has...Ch. 3.3 - A dehydration reaction joins two glucose molecules...Ch. 3.3 - WHAT IF? After a cow is given antibiotics to treat...Ch. 3.4 - Compare the structure of a fat (triglyceride) with...
Ch. 3.4 - Why are human sex hormones considered lipids?Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 3.5 - Why does a denatured protein no longer function...Ch. 3.5 - What parts of a polypeptide participate in the...Ch. 3.5 - WHAT IF? Where would you expect a polypeptide...Ch. 3.6 - DRAW IT Go to Figure 3.27a and, for the top three...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 3.7 - How would sequencing the entire genome of an...Ch. 3.7 - Given the function of DNA, why would you expect...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 3 - Which functional group is not present in this...Ch. 3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Which chemical group is most...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 3 - Which of the following statements concerning...Ch. 3 - The structural level of a protein least a fleeted...Ch. 3 - Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 3 - The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What...Ch. 3 - Construct a table that organizes the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 3 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 3 - FOCUS ON ORGANIZATION Proteins, which have diverse...Ch. 3 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 3 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Given that the function...
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- Determine the effect of the following mutations on the DNA sequence. In each case, the mutation is described after the sequence. Guanine nucleotide (G shown in red in the DNA sequence below) was substituted by C Write out the sequence of the mutated DNA and the protein made from it. What is the effect of this mutation on the protein? (For example, how will the mutation affect the length and sequence of the protein? What about the function of the protein?)arrow_forwardDetermine the effect of the following mutations on the DNA sequence. In each case, the mutation is described after the sequence. Guanine nucleotide (G shown in red in the DNA sequence below) was substituted by C Write out the sequence of the mutated DNA and the protein made from it. What is the effect of this mutation on the protein? (For example, how will the mutation affect the length and sequence of the protein? What about the function of the protein?) 3' TACATGGTTGTGCTAATT 5' Carrow_forwardYou discover life on an alien planet. The organism is similar to life on Earth except its DNA is comprised only of A and T (there are no C or G in its genome). If the organism follows the same central dogma as life on Earth, reads triplet codons like life on Earth, and has at least one stop codon, what is the maximum number of different amino acids that could be found in the organisms’ proteins?arrow_forward
- Why is cigarette smoke harmful to DNA? O a. Nicotine in smoke reacts with cell cycle proteins, leading to DNA damage and cancer O b. Chemical components of cigarette smoke cause breaks in the DNA strands, which may be incorrectly rejoined O c. A component of cigarette smoke can bind to G nucleotides, disrupting the helix. O d. Smoke induces adjacent thymine nucleotides to bind to each other, creating thymine dimersarrow_forwardExplain how DNA serves as the genetic material of an organism and how it can be used to create RNA and proteins. Outline the flow of information from DNA to protein (the central dogma of biology).arrow_forwardConstruct an explanation based on evidence for how the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins which carry out the essential functions of life through systems of specialized cells.arrow_forward
- Please consider the figure below. a. Give the name of the process illustrated in the figure. b. If this is part of the elongation stage, explain what is going to happen next. Use the labels, A, B, C and/or D to answer the question. C. What terminus of the protein is represented by the amino acid represented by label D?arrow_forwardjustify the statement in a short: Multiplication of viroids cycles between both monomeric and multimeric versions of RNA moleculesarrow_forwardFor each DNA segment: [1] What is the sequence of the mRNA molecule synthesized from each DNA template? [2] What is the sequence of the informational strand of the DNA molecule? a. 3 '–TGCCTAACG–5 ' c. 3 '–TTAACGCGA–5 'b. 3 '–GACTCC–5 ' d. 3 '–CAGTGACCGTAC–5 'arrow_forward
- In Eukaryotes, DNA is a long molecule inside a tiny nucleus. a. How can this long chain fit in such space? b. How does it affect gene expression?arrow_forwardPlease asaparrow_forwardDiagram generally how a mRNA that contains sequences corresponding to four (4) exons would be translated. How many domains would the protein that results from translation contain?arrow_forward
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