Chapter 27, Problem 71IAE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of the different monochloro derivative of $\text{2-methylbutane}$ should be determined. Also, the percentage of each mono chlorination product should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The free radical substitution reaction is the type of reaction that occurs by the free radical mechanism, free radical is formed during the reaction.

The chlorination of alkane is the radical substitution reaction. There are three steps are involved in the alkanes chlorination mechanism such as chain initiation, chain propagation, and chain termination.

The expression to calculate the mono chlorination product is as follows:

$\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{\%}\\ \text{Mono}\\ \text{chloro }\\ \text{product}\end{array}\right)=\left[\frac{\begin{array}{l}\left(\text{Number of hydrogen}\right)\\ \left(\text{reactivity ratio }\right)\end{array}}{\begin{array}{l}\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Number of }\\ \text{primary hydrogen}\end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{reactivity ratio of }\\ \text{primary hydrogen}\end{array}\right)+\\ \left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Number of }\\ \text{secondary hydrogen}\end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{reactivity ratio of }\\ \text{secondary hydrogen}\end{array}\right)+\\ \left(\begin{array}{l}\text{Number of }\\ \text{tertiary hydrogen}\end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{l}\text{reactivity ratio of }\\ \text{tertiary hydrogen}\end{array}\right)\end{array}}\right]\left(100\text{}\text{ \%}\right)$ …… (1)