Chapter 27, Problem 13E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

${\text{CH}}_3{\text{CH}}_2\text{ONa}+{\text{CH}}_3{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2\text{I}\rightleftharpoons {\text{CH}}_3{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2{\text{OCCH}}_2{\text{CH}}_3+\text{NaI}$

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

${\text{CH}}_3{\text{CH}}_2{\text{NH}}_3^{+}+{\text{KI}}^{-}\rightleftharpoons {\text{NH}}_3+{\text{CH}}_3{\text{CH}}_2\text{I}+{\text{K}}^{+}$

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.