Chapter 27, Problem 26E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the given conversion reaction is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The preparation of alkene is the type of elimination reaction.

$\text{E1}$ is the unimolecular elimination reaction and the order of the reaction is one. In this reaction, loss of leaving groups to form a carbocation as intermediate in the presence of heat. The rearrangement of carbocation takes place.

$\text{E2}$ is the bimolecular elimination reaction and the order of the reaction is two. In this reaction, base extracts the proton adjacent to the leaving group in the presence of strong heat.

A nucleophile is the Lewis base that donates a pair of an electron to form a covalent bond with the electrophile. An electrophile is the Lewis acid that accepts the electron to form a bond with the nucleophile.

The good leaving groups are the weak base. They can be an anion or neutral molecule.