Chapter 23, Problem 4PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structural formulas for the expected products in the given reactions are to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

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The terpenes are the essential oils that are extracted from plants by gentle heating or steam distillation and have important hydrocarbon chemical. The terpenes having oxygen are called terpenoids and the monoterpene is made up of two or more 5-Carbon atoms named isoprene. The terpenes react with several reagents, chemicals, and catalysts like, ${\text{KMnO}}_{\text{4}}$, $\text{HCl, HBr}$, borohydride, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen gas, and platinum.

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The pinenes are the oils obtained from pine trees.

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$\beta -\text{Pinene}$ is a colorless liquid that boils at ${\text{163}}^{\text{O}}\text{C}$.

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${\text{KMnO}}_{\text{4}}$ is a strong oxidising agent.

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The alkaline potassium permanganate ( ${\text{KMnO}}_{\text{4}}$ ) helps in undergoing oxidative degradation of terpenoids.

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The ${\text{KMnO}}_{\text{4}}$ helps in oxidizing to produce norpinone, which is also known as pinaketone.

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The number of moles of HCl used by 1 mol of terpene is equal to the number of double bonds present in the terpene.

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The caryophyllene undergoes addition with $\text{HCl}$ to produce bisabolane.

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The zingiberene undergoes catalytic hydrogenation with the help of hydrogen gas and platinum that act as catalysts to produce compounds of the order hexahydrozingiberene.

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The $\beta -\text{Selinene}$ undergo hydroboration-oxidation reaction with borohydride and hydrogen peroxide to produce aromatic diol.