Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 23, Problem 12P
Understanding Human Energy Consumption During Exercise Energy production in animals is related to oxygen consumption. The ruby-throated hummingbird consumes about 250 mL of oxygen per hour during its migration across the Gulf of Mexico. Use this number and the data in problem 11 to determine a conversion factor for energy expended per liter of oxygen consumed. If a human being consumes 12.7 kcal/min while running 8-minute miles, how long could a human run on the energy that the hummingbird consumes in its trans-Gulf flight? How many 8-minute miles would a person have to run to lose 1 pound of body fat?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
According to as shown, cycling at 15 km/h requires less metabolic energy than running at 15 km/h. Suggest reasons why this is the case.
Walking consumes approximately 100 kcal/mi. In the hydrolysis of ATP (ATP → ADP + Pi), the reaction that drives muscle contraction, ΔG°′ is −7.3 kcal/mol (−30.5 kJ/mol). Calculate how many grams of ATP must be produced to walk a mile. ATP synthesis is coupled to the oxidation of glucose (ΔG°′ = −686 kcal/mol). How many grams of glucose are actually metabolized to produce this amount of ATP? (Assume that only glucose oxidation is used to generate ATP and that 40% of the energy generated from this process is used to phosphorylate ADP. The gram molecular weight of glucose is 180 g and that of ATP is 507 g.)
Use the metabolic equation for cycling and the kcal conversion factors to answer the following questions:
Tom is a 100 kg and cycles at 50 rpm with a resistance of 2 kg. What is his relative VO2?
What would be the relative VO2 for the same resistance and speed if the cycling was performed by Tammy, who weighs 50 kg?
Assuming Tom and Tammy both cycled for 10 minutes, calculate the amount of energy transferred by each during their bout of cycling?
Chapter 23 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 23 - Prob. 1PCh. 23 - Determining the Amount of ATP Produced from Fatty...Ch. 23 - Prob. 3PCh. 23 - Examining the Labeling of Glucose from 14C.labeled...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5PCh. 23 - Prob. 6PCh. 23 - Prob. 7PCh. 23 - Prob. 8PCh. 23 - Prob. 9PCh. 23 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 23 - Prob. 11PCh. 23 - Understanding Human Energy Consumption During...Ch. 23 - Prob. 13PCh. 23 - Prob. 14PCh. 23 - Prob. 15PCh. 23 - Extending the Mechanism of Methylmalonyl-CoA...Ch. 23 - Prob. 17PCh. 23 - Prob. 18PCh. 23 - Prob. 19PCh. 23 - Understanding a Ubiquitous Series of Metabolic...Ch. 23 - Using the ActiveModel for enoyl-CoA dehydratase,...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Assume that the complete combustion of one mole of glucose to carbon dioxide and water liberates 2870 kJ/mol (AGo' = -2870 kJ/mol). If one contraction cycle in muscle requires 67 kJ, and the energy from the combustion of glucose is converted with an efficiency of 35% to contraction, how many contraction cycles could theoretically be fueled by the complete combustion of one mole of glucose? Round your answer to the nearest whole number. суycles per mole glucosearrow_forwardIn human resting muscle cells, the concentration of ATP is 4 mM, ADP is 0.013 mM, creatine-phosphate is 25 mM and creatine is 13 mM. Calculate the ΔG for the formation of creatine phosphate from ATP and creatine in kJ/mol and do not include unit in your answer.arrow_forwardCalculate the resting metabolic rate in units of kcal day-1 kg body-1 for a 60 kg nonathletic male and a 160 kg nonathletic male. Make a reasonable hypothesis as to why there is a differencearrow_forward
- a Imagine that creatine phosphate, rather than ATP, is the universal energy carrier molecule in the human body. Assume that the cellular concentrations of creatine phosphate, creatine, and phosphate are 21.6 mM, 2.16x10-3 mm, and 3.80 mM, respectively. Calculate the weight of creatine phosphate that would need to be consumed each day by a typical adult human if creatine phosphate could not be recycled. (Estimate the free energy of hydrolysis of creatine phosphate under cellular conditions to determine how many moles required. Use the standard free energy AG = -43.3 kJ/mol, and take the temperature to be 37 °C.) AG= kJ/mol Weight of creatine phosphate consumed = 9arrow_forwardThe Standard Free Energy Change for the hydrolysis of ATP -->ADP + Pi = -30.5 kJ/mol. What is the Actual Free Energy Change for the hydrolysis of ATP in Rat Hepatocytes in kJ/mol? Rat Heptatocye ATP=3.38 ADP 1.32 AMP 0.29 Pi= 4.8 Group of answer choices -46.0 -29.9 -44.0 -19.6 -28.3arrow_forwardExplain in energy transfer terms why there are always fewer sharks than small fish or why there are always fewer wolves than caribou.arrow_forward
- Unlike a rabbit, running all-out for a few moments to escape a predator, migratory birds require energy for extended periods of time. For example, ducks generally fly several thousand miles during their annual migration. The flight muscles of migratory birds have a high oxidative capacity and obtain the necessary ATP through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA (obtained from fats) via the citric acid cycle. Compare the regulation of muscle glycolysis during short-term intense activity, as in a fleeing rabbit, and during extended activity, as in the migrating duck. Why must the regulation in these two settings be different? Extended activity requires the highly efficient anaerobic metabolism of fats, rather than the less efficient aerobic metabolism of glucose. Extended activity requires the highly efficient aerobic oxidation of fats, rather than the less efficient anaerobic metabolism of glucose. Extended activity stimulates glycolysis because the concentrations of citrate and acetyl-CoA are…arrow_forwardAccording to Kleiber’s law, for the vast majority of animals, an animal’s metabolic rate is proportional to m 0.75, where m is the animal’s mass. When we plot the graph of the common logarithm of the mass on the horizontal axis and the common logarithm of the metabolic rate on the vertical axis, we get a straight line. Explain why the graph is a straight line. What is the slope of the line?arrow_forwardGive only typing answer with explanation and conclusion Consider a situation where the electrical potential inside a cell is 173 mV, the electrical potential outside a cell is −60 mV, the concentration of potassium inside the cell is 20 mM and the concentration outside is 166 mM. How many millimoles of glucose are required to create the ATP necessary to transport one mole of potassium into the cell at 25.0 C and pH 7.00? Assume that aerobic respiration is working at maximum efficiency and note that accurate accounting of significant digits will help lead you to the correct answer.arrow_forward
- Rat heart muscle operating aerobically fills more than 90% of its ATP needs by oxidative phosphorylation. If each gram of tissue consumes O2 at the rate of 12.0 micromol/min, with glucose as the fuel source. (a) Calculate the rate at which the heart muscle consumes glucose and produces ATP. (b) Consider an alternate scenario – what would be the rate of consumption if the energy source was a solely triglycerides whose fatty acyl chains were each 14-C in length and saturated? (Assume the O2 consumption rate remains at 12.0 micromol/min) (c) For a steady-state concentration of ATP of 6.0 micromol/g of heart muscle tissue, calculate the time required (in seconds) to completely turn over the cellular pool of ATP if glucose us used as the sole fuel source. What does this result indicate about the need for tight regulation of ATP production? (Note: Concentrations are expressed as micromoles per gram of muscle tissue because the tissue is mostly water.)arrow_forwardConsider a 96 kg adult, who is overweight. Weight loss would improve their general health and wellbeing. If 35 % of the body mass of this 96 kg adult consists of TGs (in adipose tissue), what is the total available fuel reserve, in kJ and kcal, in the form of TGs? Assume energy value of TGs = 37.4 kJ/g 1 kJ = 0.239 kcalarrow_forwardGive only typing answer with explanation and conclusion In the presence of oxygen, the oxidation of NADH has a ΔG of -50 kcal/mole and FADH2 has a ΔG of -40 kcal/mole. The production of ATP from ADP has a ΔG of + 10 kcal/mole. Given these values, if cellular respiration is working at an efficiency of 25%, how many molecules of ATP will be produced/molecule of glucose. Assume all NADH and FADH2 enters the electron transport chain.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Anaerobic Respiration; Author: Bozeman Science;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDC29iBxb3w;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY