Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781337571357
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 22, Problem 4P
Compare the activation energy in uncatalyzed reactions and in enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
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Heat energy and collision of molecules are sometimes not enough to supply the activation energy needed by a reaction. The chemical reaction never happens. Explain how an enzyme can be used to cause the reaction to begin.
What is the difference between a catalyst and an enzyme?
Explain why a high energy of activation causes a reaction to be slow.
Chapter 22 Solutions
Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 22.1QCCh. 22.2 - Prob. 22.2QCCh. 22.3 - Prob. 22.3QCCh. 22.4 - Which of the following is true regarding enzymes?...Ch. 22.5 - Match the description of the enzyme process with...Ch. 22 - What is the difference between a catalyst and an...Ch. 22 - What are ribozymes made of?Ch. 22 - Would a lipase hydrolyze two triglycerides, one...Ch. 22 - Compare the activation energy in uncatalyzed...Ch. 22 - Prob. 5P
Ch. 22 - Prob. 6PCh. 22 - Prob. 7PCh. 22 - Monoamine oxidases are important enzymes in brain...Ch. 22 - Prob. 9PCh. 22 - 0 What kind of reaction does each of the following...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11PCh. 22 - In most enzyme-catalyzed reactions, the rate of...Ch. 22 - 5 At a very low concentration of a certain...Ch. 22 - 6 If we wish to double the rate of an...Ch. 22 - 7 A bacterial enzyme has the following...Ch. 22 - 8 The optimal temperature for the action of...Ch. 22 - 9 The activity of pepsin was measured at various...Ch. 22 - Prob. 18PCh. 22 - Prob. 19PCh. 22 - Prob. 20PCh. 22 - Prob. 21PCh. 22 - 4 What kind of chemical reaction occurs most...Ch. 22 - 5 Which of the following is a correct statement...Ch. 22 - Prob. 24PCh. 22 - 7 Enzymes are long protein chains, usually...Ch. 22 - Prob. 26PCh. 22 - Prob. 27PCh. 22 - 0 Can the product of a reaction that is part of a...Ch. 22 - 1 What is the difference between a zymogen and a...Ch. 22 - 2 The enzyme trypsin is synthesized by the body in...Ch. 22 - Prob. 31PCh. 22 - Prob. 32PCh. 22 - Prob. 33PCh. 22 - Prob. 34PCh. 22 - Prob. 35PCh. 22 - Prob. 36PCh. 22 - Prob. 37PCh. 22 - Prob. 38PCh. 22 - 1 After a heart attack, the levels of certain...Ch. 22 - Prob. 40PCh. 22 - Prob. 41PCh. 22 - Prob. 42PCh. 22 - 5 Chemists who have been exposed for years to or...Ch. 22 - 6 Which enzyme preparation is given to patients...Ch. 22 - 7 Chymotrypsm is secreted by the pancreas and...Ch. 22 - Prob. 46PCh. 22 - Prob. 47PCh. 22 - Prob. 48PCh. 22 - Prob. 49PCh. 22 - Prob. 50PCh. 22 - Prob. 51PCh. 22 - Prob. 52PCh. 22 - Prob. 53PCh. 22 - Prob. 54PCh. 22 - Prob. 55PCh. 22 - Prob. 56PCh. 22 - Prob. 57PCh. 22 - Prob. 58PCh. 22 - Prob. 59PCh. 22 - Prob. 60PCh. 22 - 1 Food can be preserved by inactivation of enzymes...Ch. 22 - Prob. 62PCh. 22 - 3 Would you expect to find active digestive...Ch. 22 - Prob. 64PCh. 22 - Prob. 65PCh. 22 - Prob. 66PCh. 22 - 7 An enzyme has the following pH dependence: At...Ch. 22 - Prob. 68PCh. 22 - Prob. 69PCh. 22 - 0 Nerve gases operate by forming covalent bonds at...Ch. 22 - 1 What would be the appropriate name for an enzyme...Ch. 22 - Prob. 72PCh. 22 - 3 A liver enzyme is made of four subunits: 2A and...Ch. 22 - Prob. 74PCh. 22 - Prob. 75PCh. 22 - Prob. 76PCh. 22 - Prob. 77PCh. 22 - Prob. 78PCh. 22 - Prob. 79PCh. 22 - Prob. 80PCh. 22 - Prob. 81P
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- Describe the difference between graphs showing temperature versus reaction rate for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction and an uncatalyzed reaction.arrow_forwardThe site on an enzyme molecule that does the catalytic work is called the: a. binding site. b. allosteric site. c. lock. d. active site.arrow_forwardThe image at right shows which of the following aspects of enzymatic catalysis? the lock and key model of catalysis the induced fit model of catalysis allosteric activation of the enzyme the formation of the catalytically competent ES complex a favorable interaction of the substrate with the enzyme active site Substrate Enzyme E-S complexarrow_forward
- Explain enzyme kinetics including zero-order and first-order kinetics.arrow_forwardWhen the concentrations of reactant molecules are increased, the rate of reaction increases. The best explanation for this is that as the reactant concentration increases, the activation energy increases. the frequency of molecular collisions increases. the average kinetic energy of molecules increases. the rate constant increases.arrow_forwardDifferentiate between the progress of ordinary reactions and of enzymatic reactions using the free energy profile in terms of reactants, transition state, products, progress of reaction, free energy, activation energy, the effect of temperaturearrow_forward
- What effect does a catalyst have on the reaction rate and the products formed in a reaction? The catalyst increases the amount of products formed at the end of the reaction. The catalyst provides an alternate pathway with lower activation energy. The catalyst has no effect on the amount of products formed at the end of the reaction. O The catalyst has no effect on the activation energy.arrow_forwardAn uncatalyzed reaction has an equilibrium constant, Keq, of 50. In the presence of an appropriate enzyme, the forward rate of the reaction increased by 20-fold. What is the equilibrium constant in the presence of the enzyme?arrow_forwardNumber 4 on the Reaction Energy diagram below represents Ep (kJ) reactants Reaction Coordinate products Is the activation energy for the uncatalyzed reaction. Is the activation energy for the enzyme catalyzed reaction. the energy produced by the reaction. The energy required for the reaction to proceed.arrow_forward
- An uncatalyzed metabolic reaction has a rate constant of 2.7 x 10-4 M-¹ min-¹ at 310 K. In the presence of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction the rate constant is 3.4 x 104 M-¹ min-¹ at the same temperature. If the activation energy of the uncatalyzed reaction is 93 kJ/mol, what is the activation energy of the catalyzed reaction? 48 kJ/mol none of the answers are correct 35 kJ/mol 45 kJ/molarrow_forwardOur body obtains energy from the combustion of glucose. During this process, glycerate is transformed first into pyruvate. This reaction has an activation energy close to 44 kJ. Estimate how many times faster this reaction is when someone has a high fever close to 106 F (41 oC) compared to its rate at normal body temperature (98.6 F; 37 oC). Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a b с d 31% faster 11% faster 24% faster 259% faster Your answerarrow_forward38- List two factors that can affect the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. No need for a paragraph, or even two sentences. Just the factors.arrow_forward
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