ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781260406092
Author: HARTWELL, Leland, HOOD, Leroy, Goldberg, Michael
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education/stony Brook University
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Chapter 22, Problem 30P
In 2008, Time magazine named as its invention of the year the development of personal genomics services by a company named 23andMe. Customers sent saliva samples to the company, which then genotyped approximately one million SNPs located across the genome, and communicated the data online to the customer along with what was claimed to be a “for education use only” assessment of potential risk for a variety of traits.
However, on November 22, 2013, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ordered 23andMe to stop marketing its personal genomics services because the accuracy of its SNP genotyping and risk predictions had not been validated as sufficiently accurate for medical use. The FDA was concerned that people might make serious medical decisions based on information from a test that was not clinically approved. Some elements of this ban were relieved in 2015 and 2017, but DNA testing services are still restrained from offering their customers all the pre-ban predictions. Defining these limits remains a contentious and unresolved issue.
| a. | Can the information you would obtain from this personal genomics service tell you whether or not you have a |
| b. | Can the information you would obtain from this personal genomics service inform you about your likelihood of having a disease that is a complex trait? Explain. |
| c. | In December 2013, a reporter for The New York Times reported that she sent samples of her own DNA to three different companies (one of which was 23andMe), but the three companies provided very different estimates of her risk for a variety of complex traits. What were the likely causes of the differences in these estimates? |
| d. | Do you think new scientific developments will help resolve these issues in the near future? |
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Case Study—Ella
Ella has a family history of diabetes. She wants to follow a healthful eating pattern that can lower her risk for developing this condition. Her dietitian recommends a goal of 450 to 600 kcal per meal and advises Ella to follow the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for carbohydrates and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020, which recommend limiting added sugar. She also recommends that Ella choose whole grains rather than processed grains. Ella decides to pack a lunch to take to work every day. This morning she’s making a sandwich for her lunch.
Categories of Sandwich Options (Top of the screen)
Breads
Spreads
Cheeses
Vegetables
Proteins
Specific food items to select
White Bread 6-inches
Honey Mustard
Provolone
LettuceTomatoBell Peppers
Turkey
Part A - Reading Nutrition Facts Panels for Total Kilocalories
How many total kilocalories are in Ella’s sandwich exactl ______kcal ?
Part B - Reading Nutrition Facts Panels for…
Chapter 22 Solutions
ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
Ch. 22 - Choose the best matching phrase in the right...Ch. 22 - Suppose you grew genetically identical dandelion...Ch. 22 - How can each of the following be used in...Ch. 22 - Two different groups of scientists studying a rare...Ch. 22 - Which of the following statements would be true of...Ch. 22 - Studies have indicated that for pairs of twins...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7PCh. 22 - Prob. 8PCh. 22 - Table 22.2 lists concordance values for MZ and DZ...Ch. 22 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 22 - Prob. 11PCh. 22 - Two alleles at one locus produce three distinct...Ch. 22 - In a certain plant, leaf size is determined by...Ch. 22 - Compare and contrast the use of SNP genotyping: i...Ch. 22 - Explain the similarities and differences between...Ch. 22 - In Fig. 22.14c, the fw2.2 causal gene was...Ch. 22 - Among the most prevalent pathologies that afflict...Ch. 22 - Human geneticists have found the Finnish...Ch. 22 - Canavan disease, caused by homozygosity for a...Ch. 22 - In GWAS analysis, because of the existence of LD...Ch. 22 - In Fig. 22.15: a. Why do some chromosomes in the...Ch. 22 - Consider the triangle diagram shown in Fig. 22.17....Ch. 22 - Prob. 23PCh. 22 - You conduct a Case/Control study comparing the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 25PCh. 22 - ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rare, fatal...Ch. 22 - Through GWAS explorations, scientists have...Ch. 22 - In domesticated dogs, size has a high...Ch. 22 - Suppose a GWAS investigation found a particular LD...Ch. 22 - In 2008, Time magazine named as its invention of...
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