ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781260406092
Author: HARTWELL, Leland, HOOD, Leroy, Goldberg, Michael
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education/stony Brook University
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Chapter 22, Problem 3P
How can each of the following be used in determining the role of genetic and/or environmental factors in
| a. | genetic clones |
| b. | human monozygotic versus dizygotic twins |
| c. | cross-fostering |
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Identify each of the following as an example of allele, genotype, and/or phenotype frequency:
A. Approximately 1 in 2500 people of Northern European descent is born with cystic fibrosis.
B. The percentage of carriers of the sickle cell allele in West Africa is approximately 13%.
C. The number of new mutations for achondroplasia, a genetic disorder, is approximately 5 × 10–5.
In a hypothetical population, matings involving two individuals heterozygous for the phenylketonuria allele on chromosome 12 result in 10% of the offspring showing the effects of the disease. This percentage arises because:
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the trait has pleiotropic effect
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the trait assorts independently
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the trait has low expressivity
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To locate genes associated with quantitative traits, geneticists often use QTL mapping (see the introduction to this chapter). To carry out QTL mapping, a first step is crossing two strains that differ in a quantitative trait, such as a strain of corn with high oil content and a strain with low oil content. The F1 progeny of this cross are then interbred or backcrossed to produce an F2 generation. Researchers then look for statistical associations between genetic markers and the value of the quantitative trait (e.g., oil content) in the F2 generation. Why do the geneticists look for statistical associations in the F2 plants? Why not use the F1 progeny?
Chapter 22 Solutions
ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
Ch. 22 - Choose the best matching phrase in the right...Ch. 22 - Suppose you grew genetically identical dandelion...Ch. 22 - How can each of the following be used in...Ch. 22 - Two different groups of scientists studying a rare...Ch. 22 - Which of the following statements would be true of...Ch. 22 - Studies have indicated that for pairs of twins...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7PCh. 22 - Prob. 8PCh. 22 - Table 22.2 lists concordance values for MZ and DZ...Ch. 22 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 22 - Prob. 11PCh. 22 - Two alleles at one locus produce three distinct...Ch. 22 - In a certain plant, leaf size is determined by...Ch. 22 - Compare and contrast the use of SNP genotyping: i...Ch. 22 - Explain the similarities and differences between...Ch. 22 - In Fig. 22.14c, the fw2.2 causal gene was...Ch. 22 - Among the most prevalent pathologies that afflict...Ch. 22 - Human geneticists have found the Finnish...Ch. 22 - Canavan disease, caused by homozygosity for a...Ch. 22 - In GWAS analysis, because of the existence of LD...Ch. 22 - In Fig. 22.15: a. Why do some chromosomes in the...Ch. 22 - Consider the triangle diagram shown in Fig. 22.17....Ch. 22 - Prob. 23PCh. 22 - You conduct a Case/Control study comparing the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 25PCh. 22 - ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rare, fatal...Ch. 22 - Through GWAS explorations, scientists have...Ch. 22 - In domesticated dogs, size has a high...Ch. 22 - Suppose a GWAS investigation found a particular LD...Ch. 22 - In 2008, Time magazine named as its invention of...
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- In a species of fish, the allele for long fins (F) is dominant over the allele for short fins (f). What will be the genotype and phenotype ratios for offspring do we get if we cross a long-finned homozygous male fish with heterozygous long-finned female fish? Questions: a. What are the possible genotypes of the egg the woman can produce? b. What are the possible genotypes of the sperm the man can produce? c. What is the genotype ratio for the offspring? d. What is the phenotype ratio for the offspring?arrow_forwardIdentify each of the following as an example of allele, genotype,and/or phenotype frequency:A. Approximately 1 in 2500 individuals of Northern Europeandescent is born with cystic fibrosis.B. The percentage of carriers of the sickle cell allele in WestAfrica is approximately 13%.C. The number of new mutations per generation resultingin achondroplasia, a genetic disorder, is approximately5 × 10−5.arrow_forwardIn Mexican hairless dogs, a dominant allele codes for hairlessness. However, inheriting two dominant alleles is lethal; the fetus dies before birth. Suppose a breeder mates two dogs that are heterozygous for the hair allele. What are the predicted genotype and phenotype ratios of the puppies that are born? A) Phenotype Ratio 1:2:1 Genotype Ratio: 1:2:1 B) Phenotype Ratio 2:1 Genotype Ratio: 0:2:1 C) Phenotype Ratio 3:1 Genotype Ratio: 1:2:1 D) Phenotype Ratio 1:2:1 Genotype Ratio: 3:1arrow_forward
- In plants, a trait has a narrow-sense heritability of 0.75. This indicates a) the trait is inherited from a parent 75% of the time. b) the proportion of phenotypic variance due to environmental variance. c) the degree of inbreeding from artificial selection. d) the proportion of variance due to additive alleles.arrow_forwardSuppose that you do a test cross tracking a continuous trait. In the F2 generation, 1/64 of the offspring display one of the parental (extreme) phenotypes. How many polygenes are likely to be involved in determining the trait? a) 2 b) 3 C) 4 d) 5arrow_forwardCystic fibrosis (CF) is a recessive autosomal disorder. In certainpopulations of Northern European descent, the number of peopleborn with this disorder is about 1 in 2500. Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for this trait:A. What are the frequencies for the common (non-disease-causing)allele and the mutant (disease-causing) allele.B. What are the genotype frequencies of homozygous unaffected,heterozygous, and homozygous affected individuals?C. Assuming random mating, what is the probability that twophenotypically unaffected heterozygous carriers will chooseeach other as mates?arrow_forward
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