Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781118133576
Author: T. W. Graham Solomons, Craig Fryhle
Publisher: Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated
bartleby

Concept explainers

Question
Book Icon
Chapter 22, Problem 14PP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Kiliani–Fischer reaction for the synthesis of epimeric aldoses is to be outlined and Fischer projection of D()Arabinose and D()Ribose is to be represented on the basis of given information.

Concept introduction:

舧 A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen-oxygen atom ratio of 2:1

HNO3 is an oxidizing agent.

舧 Carbohydrates are oxidized by HNO3 to give aldaric acid as a product.

舧 Aldaric acids are carbohydrates having two carboxylic acids. They are formed due to oxidation reaction of aldoses with dilute HNO3 and their general reaction can be represented as:

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 22, Problem 14PP

舧 The molecules that are nonsuperimposable or not identical with their mirror images are known as chiral molecules.

舧 A pair of two mirror images that are nonidentical is known as enantiomers, which are optically active.

舧 The stereoisomers that are nonsuperimposable on each other and not mirror images of each other are known as diastereomers.

舧 The achiral compounds in which plane of symmetry is present internally and consists of chiral centres are known as meso compounds, but they are optically inactive.

舧 Compounds that have a plane of symmetry tend to exist in meso forms. A meso form arises when the two stereoisomers produce superimposable images, and hence, compounds having meso forms are optically inactive.

舧 The Kiliani-Fischer reaction is used for increasing the number of carbon atoms of the respective aldoses, thereby, lengthening the carbon chain of the compound. It is an effective and economic process for synthesizing monosaccharides through the hydrolysis of a cyanohydrin. Thus, it lengthens the carbon chain of the aldose by one carbon atom. It is used to produce epimers of higher aldoses from a lower aldose, that is, a single aldose produces a mixture of two diastereomeric sugars called epimers.

Blurred answer
Students have asked these similar questions
Predict the organic products that form in the reaction below: OH H+ H+ + ☑ Y Note: You may assume you have an excess of either reactant if the reaction requires more than one of those molecules to form the products. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic products X and Y. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ✓ m
Determine the structures of the missing organic molecules in the following reaction: + H₂O +H H+ Y Z ☑ ☑ Note: Molecules that share the same letter have the exact same structure. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic molecules X, Y, and Z. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. Molecule X shows up in multiple steps, but you only have to draw its structure once. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. AP +
Please help, this is all the calculations i got!!! I will rate!!!Approx mass of KMnO in vial: 3.464 4 Moss of beaker 3×~0. z Nax200: = 29.9219 Massof weacerv after remosimgain N2C2O4. Need to fill in all the missing blanks. ง ง Approx mass of KMnO4 in vials 3.464 Mass of beaker + 3x ~0-304: 29.9219 2~0.20 Miss of beaker + 2x- 29.7239 Mass of beaker + 1x~0.2g Naz (204 29-5249 Mass of beaver after removing as qa Na₂ C₂O T1 T2 T3 Final Buiet reading Initial butet reading (int)) Hass of NaOr used for Titration -reading (mL) calculation Results: 8.5ml 17mL 27.4mL Oml Om Oml T1 T2 T3 Moles of No CO Moles of KMO used LOF KM. O used Molenty of KMNO Averagem Of KMOWL
Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Chemistry
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
  • Text book image
    Organic Chemistry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305080485
    Author:John E. McMurry
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
Text book image
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305080485
Author:John E. McMurry
Publisher:Cengage Learning