For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn. Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane ( alkyl halide ) as a final product. To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

Question

(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 112AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

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(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

fcrip = ↓ bandwidth Il temp 32. What impact (increase, decrease, or no change) does each of the following conditions have on the individual components of the van Deemter equation and consequently, band broadening? Increase temperature Longer column Using a gas mobile phase instead of liquid Smaller particle stationary phase Multiple Paths Diffusion Mass Transfer

34. Figure 3 shows Van Deemter plots for a solute molecule using different column inner diameters (i.d.). A) Predict whether decreasing the column inner diameters increase or decrease bandwidth. B) Predict which van Deemter equation coefficient (A, B, or C) has the greatest effect on increasing or decreasing bandwidth as a function of i.d. and justify your answer. Figure 3 Van Deemter plots for hydroquinone using different column inner diameters (i.d. in μm). The data was obtained from liquid chromatography experiments using fused-silica capillary columns packed with 1.0-μm particles. 35 20 H(um) 큰 20 15 90 0+ 1500 100 75 550 01 02 594 05 μ(cm/sec) 30 15 10

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 112AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 112AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 112AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

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Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem 112AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem 112AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem 112AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given reactions, the possible monochlorination products are to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light. The reaction is known as substitution reaction because one of the hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom. The reactions of halogens with alkane yield haloalkane (alkyl halide) as a final product.

To determine: The structure of the possible monochlorination product.

Answer 12

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Answer 23

Ch. 21 - What is a hydrocarbon? What is the difference...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2RQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 3RQ Ch. 21 - Summarize the nomenclature rules for alkanes,...Ch. 21 - What functional group distinguishes each of the...Ch. 21 - Distinguish between isomerism and resonance....Ch. 21 - Prob. 7RQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 8RQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 9RQ Ch. 21 - Prob. 10RQ

Solution Summary: The author explains that Alkanes shows a substitution reaction with halogens like chlorine and bromine in the presence of light.

Chapter 21 Solutions