EBK LOOSE-LEAF VERSION OF UNIVERSE
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319227975
Author: KAUFMANN
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 20, Problem 65Q
To determine
The feature of Type Ia supernovae that makes them permittable to be used as 'standard candles' for measuring distances.
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Why does a type Ia supernova explode? in two sentences.
Why does a type II supernova explode? in two sentences.
(a)What type of supernova is most luminous in light?
(b) What kind of star results in such an explosion?
(c) What type of supernova is most luminous in neutrino emission?
(d) What kind of star results in such an explosion?
Chapter 20 Solutions
EBK LOOSE-LEAF VERSION OF UNIVERSE
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- How would the spectra of a type II supernova be different from a type Ia supernova? Hint: Consider the characteristics of the objects that are their source.arrow_forwardHow is a nova different from a type Ia supernova? How does it differ from a type II supernova?arrow_forwardHow do the two types of supernovae discussed in this chapter differ? What kind of star gives rise to each type?arrow_forward
- What observations from SN 1987A helped confirm theories about supernovae?arrow_forwardA supernova can eject material at a velocity of 10,000 km/s. How long would it take a supernova remnant to expand to a radius of 1 AU? How long would it take to expand to a radius of 1 light-years? Assume that the expansion velocity remains constant and use the relationship: expansiontime=distanceexpansionvelocity .arrow_forwardLook at the list of the nearest stars in Appendix I. Would you expect any of these to become supernovae? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- During the collapse of a supernova explosion, calculate the change in gravitational potential energy associated with the core size. Assume a typical core mass of 1.4 Msun and an initial radius of 1000 km.arrow_forwardwhy are Cepheid variable stars good distance indicators? What about supernovae?arrow_forwardIf a 1.40 MSun neutron star has a radius of 10.0 km, what is the radius (in km) of a 2.15 MSun neutron star? (Use the mass-radius relationship R ∝ M−1/3) What is the escape velocity (in km/s) from the surface of a 1.5 M neutron star? From a 3.0 M neutron star? (Hint: Use the formula for escape velocity, Ve = 2GM r ; make sure to express quantities in units of meters, kilograms, and seconds. Assume a neutron star has a radius of 11 km and assume the mass of the Sun is 1.99 ✕ 1030 kg.) 1.5 M neutron star km/s3.0 M neutron star km/sarrow_forward
- Indicate whether the following are properties of Type Ia or Type II supernovae. (Select 1-Type Ia, 2-Type II. If the first is 1 and the rest 2, enter 12222222). A) Can occur in a very old star cluster. B) Can only occur in a binary system. C) The spectrum shows strong Hydrogen lines D) Produces very heavy elements like Uranium during the explosion. F) Could completely explode and leave no remnant behind. Supernovae of this type have the same peak luminosity.arrow_forwardA supernova’s energy is often compared to the total energy output of the Sun over its lifetime. Using the Sun’s current luminosity, calculate the total solar energy output, assuming a 1010 year main-sequence lifetime. Using Einstein’s formula E=mc2 calculate the equivalent amount of mass, expressed in Earth masses. [Hint: The total energy output of the Sun over its lifetime is given by its current luminosity times the number of seconds in a year times its ten billion-year lifetime; ; mass of earth = 6×1024kg; c = 3×108m/s. Your answer should be 200-300 Earth masses.]arrow_forwardInternational Astronomical Union reported on 24 Feb 1987: An object was discovered on Feb. 24.37 UT (position R.A. = 5h35m.8, Decl. = -69 18'), obtained m = 4.8 on Feb. 24.454 UT. This object proved to be the most famous supernova (SN) in the 20th Century and the brightest visible from Earth since 1604. It is classified as a SN of the type Il in the Large Magellanic Cloud (SN1987A). Its brightness peaked in May 1987, with an apparent magnitude of m = 2.8. a) Find the absolute magnitude M of the SN1987A at maximum. Distance of the LMC is 51,400 pc. b) The progenitor (before SN explosion) star was a blue supergiant of the apparent magnitude m = 12.8. How much brighter (in terms of flux density) this SN was at maximum compared to the progenitor star. Find the ratio FSN / Ebeforearrow_forward
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