Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The anions
Concept Introduction:
In any polar covalent bond, the difference in electronegativities gives rise to partial positive and negative charges respectively on the cation and anions.
The covalent character is determined with respect to the relative extent of distortion of anionic cloud of anion. For instance, highly charged small alkali metal cation such as
In general, greater is the charge on the alkali metal cation or smaller is the size of cation more is its polarizing power to distort the electron cloud of anion. Likewise greater is the polarizability of anion more easily its electron cloud is distorted by a cation.
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CHEM PRINCIPLES LL W/ACHIEVE ONE-SEM
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- 19. :O: || :0-N- O: Which of the following statements, if true, would support the claim that the NO3 ion, represented above, has three resonance structures? (A) The NO3 ion is not a polar species. (B) The oxygen-to-nitrogen-to-oxygen bond angles are 90°. (C) One of the bonds in NO3 is longer than the other two. (D) One of the bonds in NO3¯ is shorter than the other two.arrow_forwardPredict whether the bonds in the following compounds are ionic or covalent: (a) NaI (sodium iodide); (b) H 2O 2 (hydrogen peroxide).arrow_forwardThere are two main types of covalent bond breakage. In ho-molytic breakage , each atom in the bond gets one of the shared electrons. In some cases, the electronega-tivity of adjacent atoms affects the bond energy. In heterolytic breakage, one atom gets both electrons and the other gets none;thus, a cation and an anion form. (a) Why is the C−C bond in H₃C−CF₃(423 kJ/mol) strongerthan that in H₃C−CH₃(376 kJ/mol)?(b) Use bond energy and any other data to calculate the heat ofreaction for the heterolytic cleavage of O₂.arrow_forward
- Arrange the following bonds in order of decreasing polarity: C − C, C − H, C − N, C − O, C − S. State the element that is the negative pole in each. You may refer to Figure 12.15arrow_forwardAlthough carbon has four bonds in stable molecules, sometimes reactive carbon intermediates that contain carbon atoms without four bonds are formed for very short time periods. Examples of these unstable intermediates include the methyl carbocation (CH 3) + and the methyl carbanion (CH 3) −. Draw Lewis structures for both unstable ions and predict the shape around carbon.arrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structure of C2H4CI2 (both Cl atoms on one C atom) and then determine if the molecule is polar or nonpolar.arrow_forward
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