Chapter 2, Problem 2.19NP

An ideal gas described by ${\text{T}}_{\text{i}}=\text{275 K},{\text{P}}_{\text{i}}=\text{1}.\text{1}0\text{ bar}$, and ${\text{V}}_{\text{i}}=\text{1}0.0\text{ L}$ is heated at constant volume until $\text{P}=\text{1}0.0\text{ bar}$. It then undergoes a reversible isothermal expansion until $\text{P}=\text{1}.\text{1}0\text{ bar}$. It is then restored to its original state by the extraction of heat at constant pressure. Depict this closed-cycle process in a $\text{P}-\text{V}$ diagram. Calculate w for each step and for the total process. What values for w would you calculate if the cycle were traversed in the opposite direction?