Organic Chemistry, Binder Ready Version
Organic Chemistry, Binder Ready Version
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781118454312
Author: David R. Klein
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 1.9, Problem 7LTS
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compound, the hybridization state of each carbon atoms has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Hybridization is the process of mixing of atomic orbitals which are almost equal energy. As a result, hybridized orbitals which are same energy are produced.  Number of atomic orbitals is equal to number of hybridized orbitals.

σ-bond is formed by head-on overlapping between two atomic orbitals which are mostly by electrons in the s-orbital.  π-bond is formed by side-to-side overlap of atomic orbitals which are mostly by electrons in the p-orbital.

In sp3 hybridization, carbon atom has four σ-covalent bonds.  It has the bond angle of 109.5º.  In sp2 hybridization, carbon atom has three σ-covalent bonds and one π-bond.  It has the bond angle of 120º.  In sp hybridization, carbon atom has two σ-covalent bonds and two π-bonds.  It has the bond angle of 180º.

Organic Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 1.9, Problem 7LTS

Hybridization of a particular atom is depending on the number and type of bonds involved by it.

To find: Get the hybridization state of each carbon atoms in the given compound

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