The mechanism for the product formed by the reaction of excess formaldehyde with ethanal in basic solution is to be written. Concept introduction: 舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair. 舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair. 舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has an unpaired electron which makes it highly chemically reactive. 舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction. 舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction. 舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules. 舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation takes place by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction. 舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β − hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α , β − unsaturated product. 舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction. 舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by a base is called base-catalyzed reaction. 舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further. 舧 In crossed aldol reaction, the aldol reaction occurs between two different carbonyl compounds. 舧 In crossed aldol reaction, either weak base in protic solvent or strong base in an aprotic solvent is used.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 12PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the product formed by the reaction of excess formaldehyde with ethanal in basic solution is to be written.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has an unpaired electron which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation takes place by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by a base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, the aldol reaction occurs between two different carbonyl compounds.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, either weak base in protic solvent or strong base in an aprotic solvent is used.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Propose a feasible synthesis for diphenylacetylene from bromobenzene. Draw the reaction scheme and briefly describe the reaction.

Provide reagents

Propose suitable reagents to accomplish the following transformations.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 12PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the product formed by the reaction of excess formaldehyde with ethanal in basic solution is to be written.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has an unpaired electron which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation takes place by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by a base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, the aldol reaction occurs between two different carbonyl compounds.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, either weak base in protic solvent or strong base in an aprotic solvent is used.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 12PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the product formed by the reaction of excess formaldehyde with ethanal in basic solution is to be written.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has an unpaired electron which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation takes place by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by a base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, the aldol reaction occurs between two different carbonyl compounds.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, either weak base in protic solvent or strong base in an aprotic solvent is used.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 12PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the product formed by the reaction of excess formaldehyde with ethanal in basic solution is to be written.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has an unpaired electron which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation takes place by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by a base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, the aldol reaction occurs between two different carbonyl compounds.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, either weak base in protic solvent or strong base in an aprotic solvent is used.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 19, Problem 12PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the product formed by the reaction of excess formaldehyde with ethanal in basic solution is to be written.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has an unpaired electron which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation takes place by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by a base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, the aldol reaction occurs between two different carbonyl compounds.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, either weak base in protic solvent or strong base in an aprotic solvent is used.

Answer 6

Chapter 19, Problem 12PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the product formed by the reaction of excess formaldehyde with ethanal in basic solution is to be written.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has an unpaired electron which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation takes place by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by a base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, the aldol reaction occurs between two different carbonyl compounds.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, either weak base in protic solvent or strong base in an aprotic solvent is used.

Answer 7

Chapter 19, Problem 12PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the product formed by the reaction of excess formaldehyde with ethanal in basic solution is to be written.

Concept introduction:

舧 Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.

舧 Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.

舧 Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has an unpaired electron which makes it highly chemically reactive.

舧 Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

舧 Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

舧 Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

舧 A carbon-carbon bond formation takes place by aldol addition and aldol condensation reaction.

舧 An aldol reaction takes place by acid catalysis, and direct dehydration of β− hydroxy aldol intermediate forms α,β− unsaturated product.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by an acid is called acid-catalyzed reaction.

舧 A chemical reaction that is catalyzed by a base is called base-catalyzed reaction.

舧 Aldol reaction is preferred in basic condition over acidic condition, as after the aldol condensation, acid catalysis promotes the reaction further.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, the aldol reaction occurs between two different carbonyl compounds.

舧 In crossed aldol reaction, either weak base in protic solvent or strong base in an aprotic solvent is used.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 11

Ch. 19 - PRACTICE PROBLEM 19.1 (a) Write a mechanism. for...Ch. 19 - Practice Problem 19.2 Since the products obtained...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3PP Ch. 19 - PRACTICE PROBLEM 19.4 Write mechanisms that...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5PP Ch. 19 - Prob. 6PP Ch. 19 - Practice Problem 19.7 The acid-catalyzed aldol...Ch. 19 - Prob. 8PP Ch. 19 - Practice Problem 19.9 (a) Provide a mechanism for...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10PP

Solution Summary: The author explains the mechanism for the product formed by the reaction of excess formaldehyde with ethanal in basic solution.

Concept explainers

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 19 Solutions