Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 18, Problem 5SQ
In a cladogram, each node represents a(n) _______ .
- a. single lineage
- b. extinction
- c. common ancestor
- d. adaptive radiation
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A cladogram or phylogenetic tree is used to classify organisms into groups based on their shared characteristics, where each node or branching point is known as _________________.
Group of answer choices
A. Common ancestry
B. New species
C. Reproductive isolation
D. New characteristic
E. None of the answers are correct
a diagram that shows evolutionary connections between clades is called a_______ .a. karyotype c. cladogramb. molecular clock d. homologous structure
In cladograms, sister groups are______ . a. inbred c. represented by nodes b. the same age d. in the same family
Chapter 18 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The po'ouli...Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The po'ouli...Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The po'ouli...Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The po'ouli...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1SQCh. 18 - Which of the following assumptions is not part of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3SQCh. 18 - Prob. 4SQCh. 18 - In a cladogram, each node represents a(n) _______...Ch. 18 - Constructing a cladogram _______ . a. may involve...
Ch. 18 - In cladograms, sister groups are _______ . a....Ch. 18 - Through ______, a body part of an ancestor is...Ch. 18 - Homologous structures among major groups of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 10SQCh. 18 - Molecular clocks are based on comparisons of the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 12SQCh. 18 - All of the following data types can be used as...Ch. 18 - Choose the statement that is incorrect. a....Ch. 18 - Prob. 15SQCh. 18 - Match the terms with the most suitable...Ch. 18 - In the late 1800s, a biologist studying animal...Ch. 18 - The photos shown above illustrate a case of...Ch. 18 - Bonobas and chimpanzees are sister groups. Humans,...
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- A monophyletic group is a ________. a. phylogenetic tree b. shared derived trait c. character state d. cladearrow_forwardConstructing a cladogram______ . a. may involve parsimony analysis b. helps us rank species into taxa c. reveals convergent structures d. is a necessary part of DNA barcodingarrow_forwardThe bones of a bird’s wing are similar to the bones in a bat’s wing. This observation is an example of_______ . a. uniformitarianism c. comparative morphology b. evolution d. a lineagearrow_forward
- Since 1735, the Linnaean classification system has been the basic system for all taxonomy in biology. Which statement best explains the reason for changing how organisms are classified today? A. Organisms are evolving at a faster rate than in the past B. More diverse and complex organisms are being discovered C.  There are more organisms today than there were in the past D. New information about the genetics of species is being discoveredarrow_forwardBoth octopuses and cuttlefish have a single-lens eye. Their common ancestor also had a single-lens eye. What word describes the relationship between the octopus eye and the cuttlefish eye? a. homologous c. analogous b. vestigial d. convergentarrow_forwardAssuming chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and humans (Homo sapiens) are more closely related to each other than either is to gorillas (Gorilla gorilla), which of the following cladograms is correct? a. B b. A c. neither is correct d. both are correctarrow_forward
- The only taxon that is always the same as a clade is the____ . a. genus c. species b. family d. kingdomarrow_forwardTwo different plants, cactus from the desert southwest USA and a euphorb from South Africa, have similar adaptations to desert life- these similarities evolved independently in response to similar environmental conditions, they were not inherited for one shared ancestor of cactus and euphords . What is the best term for these adaptations? A. Synapomorphies B. Acclimations C. Homologous traits D. Analogous traitsarrow_forwardWhat is not always true of a valid binomial species name like Homo sapiens? A. It includes the genus name B. It is the first published name applied to the biological species C. It is defined by autapomorphic character states D. Technically, it consists of a noun and an adjective asaparrow_forward
- Q1: Variable descriptions of a character is called a _____________. A. Homologous character B. Character state C. Analogous character D. Shared derived character Q2: Vestigial structures are the structures that used to have functions in the past but mostly lost these functions in the present. Which of the following is NOT an example of a vestigial structure? A. Nictitating membrane in humans B. Appendix in humans C. Femur in humans D. Coccyx in humans Q3: According to Wallace and Darwin, for new individuals to emerge, a group of individuals must become? A. Reproductively crossed among other organisms B. Geographically isolated from the rest of the original population C. Embryologically different from the rest of other organisms D Reproductively isolated from the rest of the original populationarrow_forwardA shared ancestral feature is a/an select one a. symplesiomorphy b.synapomorphy c.autapomorphyarrow_forwardA clade is_____ . a. defined by a derived character c. a hypothesis b. a monophyletic group d. all of the abovearrow_forward
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