Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 18, Problem 1SQ
Summary Introduction
Concept introduction: An approach in biological classification system that categorizes organisms based on their common ancestors is known as cladistics. A group of organisms that share one or more defined derived characters are called clade. The study of evolutionary relationship between those clade comes under cladistics.
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Students have asked these similar questions
The evolution of various life forms on Earth is summarized in ________.
a.
the binomial naming system
b.
phylogenetic trees
c.
the taxonomic classification system
A cladogram or phylogenetic tree is used to classify organisms into groups based on their shared characteristics, where each node or branching point is known as _________________.
Group of answer choices
A. Common ancestry
B. New species
C. Reproductive isolation
D. New characteristic
E. None of the answers are correct
Since 1735, the Linnaean classification system has been the basic system for all taxonomy in biology. Which statement best explains the reason for changing how organisms are classified today?
A. Organisms are evolving at a faster rate than in the past
B. More diverse and complex organisms are being discovered
C.  There are more organisms today than there were in the past
D. New information about the genetics of species is being discovered
Chapter 18 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The po'ouli...Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The po'ouli...Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The po'ouli...Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The po'ouli...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1SQCh. 18 - Which of the following assumptions is not part of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3SQCh. 18 - Prob. 4SQCh. 18 - In a cladogram, each node represents a(n) _______...Ch. 18 - Constructing a cladogram _______ . a. may involve...
Ch. 18 - In cladograms, sister groups are _______ . a....Ch. 18 - Through ______, a body part of an ancestor is...Ch. 18 - Homologous structures among major groups of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 10SQCh. 18 - Molecular clocks are based on comparisons of the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 12SQCh. 18 - All of the following data types can be used as...Ch. 18 - Choose the statement that is incorrect. a....Ch. 18 - Prob. 15SQCh. 18 - Match the terms with the most suitable...Ch. 18 - In the late 1800s, a biologist studying animal...Ch. 18 - The photos shown above illustrate a case of...Ch. 18 - Bonobas and chimpanzees are sister groups. Humans,...
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- A. The evolutionary history of a species is its ____, but ____ is the science that groups and names species. A. systematics, taxonomy B. phylogeny, taxonomy C. taxonomy, cladistics D. phylogeny, cladistics B. A group of related classes in the plant kingdom is a ____, but in the animal kingdom, this is called ____. A. phylum, division B. division, phylum C. division, domain D. phylum, classes C. All genera of dogs are classified in the taxon called ____. A. class B. family C. order D. phylumarrow_forwardThe fossil record shows how ________________ a. dead organisms were buried b. organisms have changed over time and when organisms lived on Earth c. parents of the offsprings d. evolution occurredarrow_forwarda diagram that shows evolutionary connections between clades is called a_______ .a. karyotype c. cladogramb. molecular clock d. homologous structurearrow_forward
- The type of speciation that takes place in geographically overlapping populations is known as ________________________. A. Allopatric speciation B. Sympatric speciation C. Morphological speciation D. Physiological speciationarrow_forwardEach is an essential operation of classification except _________________.1. crossing organisms in question for data2. describing related groups3. fitting groups into a formal hierarchy4. naming groups5. cladisticarrow_forwardIn terms of classification of organisms, it can be said that the living things on Earth are very A. dangerous B. deceptive C. developed D. diverse. The next lower level of classification, immediately following phylum is A. kingdom B. order C. class D. species. The next higher level of classification, immediately following family is A. species B. genus C. class D. order. Human beings are called Homo sapies; here, “Homo” represents A. genus B. species C. class D. kingdom. Organisms belonging to the same species usually interbreed with one another. Exceptions to this can be found in some A. reptiles B. mammals C. plants D. vertebratesarrow_forward
- Q1: Variable descriptions of a character is called a _____________. A. Homologous character B. Character state C. Analogous character D. Shared derived character Q2: Vestigial structures are the structures that used to have functions in the past but mostly lost these functions in the present. Which of the following is NOT an example of a vestigial structure? A. Nictitating membrane in humans B. Appendix in humans C. Femur in humans D. Coccyx in humans Q3: According to Wallace and Darwin, for new individuals to emerge, a group of individuals must become? A. Reproductively crossed among other organisms B. Geographically isolated from the rest of the original population C. Embryologically different from the rest of other organisms D Reproductively isolated from the rest of the original populationarrow_forwardConstructing a cladogram______ . a. may involve parsimony analysis b. helps us rank species into taxa c. reveals convergent structures d. is a necessary part of DNA barcodingarrow_forwardChoose the statement that is incorrect. a. Phylogeny helps us study the spread of viruses through human populations. b. DNA barcoding can identify an individual as belonging to a particular species. c. Lineages that are more distantly related have more similarities in the DNA sequence of their genomes. d. Nonconservative amino acid substitutions can cause drastic changes in phenotypearrow_forward
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