Interpretation:
The sign of Gibbs free energy for a spontaneous reaction is to be explained..
Concept introduction:
The Gibbs free energy is the maximum amount of energy available to a system during a process that can be converted into useful work.
It is denoted by a symbol G
Where
Answer to Problem 99A
The sign of Gibbs free energy for a spontaneous reaction is negative.
Explanation of Solution
The total entropy change during a process is given as
If the system is in thermal equilibrium with the surroundings, then the temperature of the surroundings is the same as temperature of the system. So, increase in enthalpy of the surroundings is equal to decrease in enthalpy of the system. when reaction is carried out at constant temperature and pressure the heat evolved is equal to enthalpy change. if a reaction is carried out at constant pressure and temperature and heat {q} is given out to the surroundings reversibly, then
The change in Gibbs energy of the system is expressed as,
When energy and entropy factors are favorable which means that the change in entropy is negative and
Hence, the free energy is negative for a spontaneous reaction.
The sign of Gibbs free energy for a spontaneous reaction is negative.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Chemistry: Matter and Change
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