The equation for standard free energy change Δ G ° = − n F E ° is given. The significance of all the four terms, minus sign and the superscript ° is to be stated. Concept introduction: The free energy change reflects the work involved in moving an electron. The given equation Δ G ° = − n F E ° , shows that the potential of the cell is related to the change in free energy for the reactants and products that are involved in the cell reaction. To explain: The significance of all the four terms used in the equation Δ G ° = − n F E ° ; the reason of minus sign that appears in the given equation; the significance of superscript ° in the given equation.
The equation for standard free energy change Δ G ° = − n F E ° is given. The significance of all the four terms, minus sign and the superscript ° is to be stated. Concept introduction: The free energy change reflects the work involved in moving an electron. The given equation Δ G ° = − n F E ° , shows that the potential of the cell is related to the change in free energy for the reactants and products that are involved in the cell reaction. To explain: The significance of all the four terms used in the equation Δ G ° = − n F E ° ; the reason of minus sign that appears in the given equation; the significance of superscript ° in the given equation.
Solution Summary: The author explains the significance of the four terms used in the equation Delta G°=-nFE°.
Definition Definition Transformation of a chemical species into another chemical species. A chemical reaction consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new ones by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
Chapter 17, Problem 4RQ
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The equation for standard free energy change
ΔG°=−nFE° is given. The significance of all the four terms, minus sign and the superscript
° is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
The free energy change reflects the work involved in moving an electron. The given equation
ΔG°=−nFE°, shows that the potential of the cell is related to the change in free energy for the reactants and products that are involved in the cell reaction.
To explain: The significance of all the four terms used in the equation
ΔG°=−nFE°; the reason of minus sign that appears in the given equation; the significance of superscript
° in the given equation.
21.38 Arrange the molecules in each set in order of increasing acidity (from least acidic to
most acidic).
OH
OH
SH
NH2
8
NH3
OH
(b)
OH
OH
OH
(c)
& & &
CH3
NO2
21.39 Explain the trends in the acidity of phenol and the monofluoro derivatives of phenol.
OH
OH
OH
OH
PK 10.0
PK 8.81
PK 9.28
PK 9.81
identify which spectrum is for acetaminophen and which is for phenacetin
The Concept of Aromaticity
21.15 State the number of 2p orbital electrons in each molecule or ion.
(a)
(b)
(e)
(f)
(c)
(d)
(h)
(i)
DA
(k)
21.16 Which of the molecules and ions given in Problem 21.15 are aromatic according to the
Hückel criteria? Which, if planar, would be antiaromatic?
21.17 Which of the following structures are considered aromatic according to the Hückel
criteria?
---0-0
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(h)
H
-H
.8.0-
21.18 Which of the molecules and ions from Problem 21.17 have electrons donated by a
heteroatom?
Chapter 17 Solutions
Bundle: Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, Loose-leaf Version, 2nd + OWLv2 with Student Solutions Manual, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card
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