Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The pH at which glycine exists at the given form has to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The isoelectric point
The value of
Protons are released when the
(b)
Interpretation:
The pH at which glycine exists at the given form has to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The isoelectric point
The value of
Protons are released when the
(c)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
The isoelectric point
The value of
Protons are released when the
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Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition
- Give the polarity, melting point, boiling point, solubility, and state at room temperature of the following: Linoleic acid Tripalmitin Triolein Phosphatidylcholine(28:0) Phosphatidylinositol(34:1) Phosphatidylserine(36:2) Phosphatidylethanolamine(38:6) Cholesterolarrow_forwardDraw the structure of glutamic acid at pH of 3.22 and 11.00arrow_forwardDraw the sequential transition of glutamic acid as it passes from its fully protonated form to its fully deprotonated form as the pH rises. If the pH of an amino acid solution is lowered by adding an acid, like , the group of glutamic acid accepts the proton, acid, to form a positive ion.arrow_forward
- A glycylglycine buffer is made to a pH of 8.45 at 25 ∘C then warmed to 37 ∘C. The pH of the solution changes because of the pKa changes. Glycylglycine has a p?a=8.26 and a Δp?a/Δ?=−0.026 °C−1. Calculate the pH of the buffer at 37 ∘C.arrow_forwardfid the molecular structure of 1. deprotonated form of 2-amino-3hydroxypropanoic acid 2.zwitterionic form of 2-Amino-3-methylpentanoic acid 3. protonated form of 2-Amino-3-methylpentanoic acid 4. deprotonated form of 2,5 diamino5-oxopentanoic acid 5. zwitterionic form of 2-amino-3hydroxypropanoic acid 6.2-phenyl propanol 7. 2,4,6-trinitrophenol 8. oxoheptanoic acid 9. (4E)-2,6-dimethylhepta2,4-dien3ol 10. 3-methylbutan1-olarrow_forwardDraw the positively charged, neutral, and negatively charged forms for the amino acid glycine. Which species predominates at pH 11? Which species predominates at pH 1?arrow_forward
- What special role does the amino acid cysteine have in the peptides vasopressin and oxytocin?arrow_forward16*32 Many tumors of the breast are correlated with estrogen levels in the body. Drugs that interfere with estrogen binding have antitumor activity and may even help prevent tumor occurrence. A widely used antiestrogen drug is tamoxifen. kJ1 Name the functional groups in tamoxifen. Classify the amino group in tamoxifen as primary, secondary, or tertiary. How many stereoisomers are possible for tamoxifen? (d, Would you expect tamoxifen to be soluble or insoluble in water? In blood?arrow_forward9. Phosphotyrosine (shown below) has four ionizable functional groups (pK1 = 2.5, pKR1 = 2.1, pKr2 = 7.2, pK2 = 9.5). (a) Write the equilibrium equation for its four ionization forms and assign the proper pka for each ionization. DRAW the structure of phosphotyrosine in each ionization state. What is the net charge on the phosphotyrosine molecule in each ionization state? *H3N. pk2 - 9.5 .COOH pK, - 2.5 O=P-OH pKRI - 2.1 ÖH pKRI - 7.2 (b) Draw the titration curve of phosphorotyrosine and indicate each pKa and the isoelectric point (pl), indicate the molar equivalents of OH on the x-axis.arrow_forward
- the pKa values for phenylalanine are 1.83 (carboxyl group) and 9.13 (amino group). Use the Henderson-hasselbach equation to determine the ratio of the acidic and basic forms of each of the ionizing groups of phenylalanine at neutral pH. Based on this, draw the predominant structure of phenylalanine at neutral pH.arrow_forwardN-(2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-(2-ethanesulfonic A purified protein is in a Hepes acid) buffer at pH 7 with 475 mM NaCl. A dialysis membrane tube holds a 2.5 ml. sample of the protein solution. The sample tube floats in a beaker containing 1.75 L of the same Hepes buffer, but with 0 mM NaCl, for dialysis. Small molecules and ions (such as Na*, CI, and Hepes) can to diffuse across the dialysis membrane, but the protein cannot. Assume there are no sample volume changes during the dialysis. Calculate the final concentration of NaCl in the protein sample once the dialysis has come to equilibrium. [NaCl] after a single dialysis: mM Calculate the final NaCl concentration in the 2.5 ml. protein sample after dialysis in 175 mL of the same Hepes buffer. with 0 mM NaCl, twice in succession. [NaCl] after a double dialysis: mMarrow_forwardThe pka's of the amino acid asparagine are 2.02 and 8.80. Select the asparagine structure that predominates at pH 10. Structure b Structure a Structure c Structure di NH, NH,arrow_forward
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