(a) Interpretation: Whether table sugar is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated. Concept introduction: On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts. Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose. Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose. Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether table sugar is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Table sugar is also known as sucrose. Sucrose on hydrolysis gives two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose which are linked through a glycosidic linkage. This shows that sucrose or table sugar is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is an example of monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that there is no glycosidic linkage through which another carbohydrate is linked. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a monosaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 1 is an example of monosaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether starch is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Starch is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Starch is the polymeric form of D-glucose. Starch on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose which are linked by glycosidic linkage. Therefore, starch is a polysaccharide. Starch is present in plants.

Conclusion

Starch is an example of polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether fructose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Fructose is a monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Hydrolysis of sucrose produces glucose and fructose which do not undergo further hydrolysis. Therefore, fructose comes under the category of monosaccharide.

Conclusion

Fructose is an example of monosaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether cellulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Cellulose is a polymeric form of D-glucose because cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose as monosaccharide. Each glucose is linked with β−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of cellulose. Therefore, cellulose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that two monosaccharides are linked to each other through glycosidic linkage and results in the formation of a disaccharide. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 2 is an example of disaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether glycogen is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Glycogen is a polymeric form of D-glucose which on hydrolysis gives glucose units. Each glucose unit is linked by α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. Therefore, glycogen is an example of polysaccharide. Glycogen is present in the muscles and liver of animals.

Conclusion

Glycogen on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether amulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Amylose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Amylose is a polymeric form of α− D-glucose because amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. Each glucose is linked with α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of amylose. Therefore, amylose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. As a result, amylose is a polysaccharide.

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Using the following two half-reactions, determine the pH range in which $NO_2^-\ (aq)$ cannot be found as the predominant chemical species in water.* $NO_3^-(aq)+10H^+(aq)+8e^-\rightarrow NH_4^+(aq)+3H_2O(l),\ pE^{\circ}=14.88$* $NO_2^-(aq)+8H^+(aq)+6e^-\rightarrow NH_4^+(aq)+2H_2O(l),\ pE^{\circ}=15.08$

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether table sugar is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Table sugar is also known as sucrose. Sucrose on hydrolysis gives two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose which are linked through a glycosidic linkage. This shows that sucrose or table sugar is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is an example of monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that there is no glycosidic linkage through which another carbohydrate is linked. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a monosaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 1 is an example of monosaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether starch is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Starch is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Starch is the polymeric form of D-glucose. Starch on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose which are linked by glycosidic linkage. Therefore, starch is a polysaccharide. Starch is present in plants.

Conclusion

Starch is an example of polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether fructose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Fructose is a monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Hydrolysis of sucrose produces glucose and fructose which do not undergo further hydrolysis. Therefore, fructose comes under the category of monosaccharide.

Conclusion

Fructose is an example of monosaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether cellulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Cellulose is a polymeric form of D-glucose because cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose as monosaccharide. Each glucose is linked with β−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of cellulose. Therefore, cellulose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that two monosaccharides are linked to each other through glycosidic linkage and results in the formation of a disaccharide. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 2 is an example of disaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether glycogen is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Glycogen is a polymeric form of D-glucose which on hydrolysis gives glucose units. Each glucose unit is linked by α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. Therefore, glycogen is an example of polysaccharide. Glycogen is present in the muscles and liver of animals.

Conclusion

Glycogen on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether amulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Amylose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Amylose is a polymeric form of α− D-glucose because amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. Each glucose is linked with α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of amylose. Therefore, amylose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. As a result, amylose is a polysaccharide.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether table sugar is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Table sugar is also known as sucrose. Sucrose on hydrolysis gives two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose which are linked through a glycosidic linkage. This shows that sucrose or table sugar is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is an example of monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that there is no glycosidic linkage through which another carbohydrate is linked. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a monosaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 1 is an example of monosaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether starch is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Starch is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Starch is the polymeric form of D-glucose. Starch on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose which are linked by glycosidic linkage. Therefore, starch is a polysaccharide. Starch is present in plants.

Conclusion

Starch is an example of polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether fructose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Fructose is a monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Hydrolysis of sucrose produces glucose and fructose which do not undergo further hydrolysis. Therefore, fructose comes under the category of monosaccharide.

Conclusion

Fructose is an example of monosaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether cellulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Cellulose is a polymeric form of D-glucose because cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose as monosaccharide. Each glucose is linked with β−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of cellulose. Therefore, cellulose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that two monosaccharides are linked to each other through glycosidic linkage and results in the formation of a disaccharide. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 2 is an example of disaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether glycogen is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Glycogen is a polymeric form of D-glucose which on hydrolysis gives glucose units. Each glucose unit is linked by α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. Therefore, glycogen is an example of polysaccharide. Glycogen is present in the muscles and liver of animals.

Conclusion

Glycogen on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether amulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Amylose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Amylose is a polymeric form of α− D-glucose because amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. Each glucose is linked with α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of amylose. Therefore, amylose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. As a result, amylose is a polysaccharide.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether table sugar is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Table sugar is also known as sucrose. Sucrose on hydrolysis gives two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose which are linked through a glycosidic linkage. This shows that sucrose or table sugar is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is an example of monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that there is no glycosidic linkage through which another carbohydrate is linked. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a monosaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 1 is an example of monosaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether starch is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Starch is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Starch is the polymeric form of D-glucose. Starch on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose which are linked by glycosidic linkage. Therefore, starch is a polysaccharide. Starch is present in plants.

Conclusion

Starch is an example of polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether fructose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Fructose is a monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Hydrolysis of sucrose produces glucose and fructose which do not undergo further hydrolysis. Therefore, fructose comes under the category of monosaccharide.

Conclusion

Fructose is an example of monosaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether cellulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Cellulose is a polymeric form of D-glucose because cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose as monosaccharide. Each glucose is linked with β−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of cellulose. Therefore, cellulose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that two monosaccharides are linked to each other through glycosidic linkage and results in the formation of a disaccharide. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 2 is an example of disaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether glycogen is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Glycogen is a polymeric form of D-glucose which on hydrolysis gives glucose units. Each glucose unit is linked by α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. Therefore, glycogen is an example of polysaccharide. Glycogen is present in the muscles and liver of animals.

Conclusion

Glycogen on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether amulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Amylose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Amylose is a polymeric form of α− D-glucose because amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. Each glucose is linked with α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of amylose. Therefore, amylose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. As a result, amylose is a polysaccharide.

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Answer 5

Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether table sugar is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Table sugar is also known as sucrose. Sucrose on hydrolysis gives two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose which are linked through a glycosidic linkage. This shows that sucrose or table sugar is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is an example of monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that there is no glycosidic linkage through which another carbohydrate is linked. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a monosaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 1 is an example of monosaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether starch is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Starch is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Starch is the polymeric form of D-glucose. Starch on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose which are linked by glycosidic linkage. Therefore, starch is a polysaccharide. Starch is present in plants.

Conclusion

Starch is an example of polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether fructose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Fructose is a monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Hydrolysis of sucrose produces glucose and fructose which do not undergo further hydrolysis. Therefore, fructose comes under the category of monosaccharide.

Conclusion

Fructose is an example of monosaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether cellulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Cellulose is a polymeric form of D-glucose because cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose as monosaccharide. Each glucose is linked with β−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of cellulose. Therefore, cellulose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that two monosaccharides are linked to each other through glycosidic linkage and results in the formation of a disaccharide. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 2 is an example of disaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether glycogen is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Glycogen is a polymeric form of D-glucose which on hydrolysis gives glucose units. Each glucose unit is linked by α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. Therefore, glycogen is an example of polysaccharide. Glycogen is present in the muscles and liver of animals.

Conclusion

Glycogen on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether amulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Amylose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Amylose is a polymeric form of α− D-glucose because amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. Each glucose is linked with α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of amylose. Therefore, amylose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. As a result, amylose is a polysaccharide.

Answer 6

Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether table sugar is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Table sugar is also known as sucrose. Sucrose on hydrolysis gives two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose which are linked through a glycosidic linkage. This shows that sucrose or table sugar is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Answer 7

Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether table sugar is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

Table sugar is also known as sucrose. Sucrose on hydrolysis gives two monosaccharides, glucose and fructose which are linked through a glycosidic linkage. This shows that sucrose or table sugar is a disaccharide.

Answer 13

Conclusion

Table sugar is a disaccharide.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is an example of monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that there is no glycosidic linkage through which another carbohydrate is linked. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a monosaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 1 is an example of monosaccharide.

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Answer 16

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is an example of monosaccharide.

Answer 17

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Expert Solution

Answer 20

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 1

Figure 1

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that there is no glycosidic linkage through which another carbohydrate is linked. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a monosaccharide.

Answer 21

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 1 is an example of monosaccharide.

Answer 22

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether starch is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Starch is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Starch is the polymeric form of D-glucose. Starch on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose which are linked by glycosidic linkage. Therefore, starch is a polysaccharide. Starch is present in plants.

Conclusion

Starch is an example of polysaccharide.

Answer 23

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether starch is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Answer 24

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Starch is a polysaccharide.

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Expert Solution

Answer 27

Expert Solution

Answer 28

Explanation of Solution

Starch is the polymeric form of D-glucose. Starch on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose which are linked by glycosidic linkage. Therefore, starch is a polysaccharide. Starch is present in plants.

Answer 29

Conclusion

Starch is an example of polysaccharide.

Answer 30

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether fructose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Fructose is a monosaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Hydrolysis of sucrose produces glucose and fructose which do not undergo further hydrolysis. Therefore, fructose comes under the category of monosaccharide.

Conclusion

Fructose is an example of monosaccharide.

Answer 31

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether fructose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Fructose is a monosaccharide.

Answer 33

Expert Solution

Answer 34

Expert Solution

Answer 35

Expert Solution

Answer 36

Explanation of Solution

Hydrolysis of sucrose produces glucose and fructose which do not undergo further hydrolysis. Therefore, fructose comes under the category of monosaccharide.

Answer 37

Conclusion

Fructose is an example of monosaccharide.

Answer 38

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether cellulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Cellulose is a polymeric form of D-glucose because cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose as monosaccharide. Each glucose is linked with β−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of cellulose. Therefore, cellulose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Answer 39

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether cellulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Answer 40

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Answer 41

Expert Solution

Answer 42

Expert Solution

Answer 43

Expert Solution

Answer 44

Explanation of Solution

Cellulose is a polymeric form of D-glucose because cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose as monosaccharide. Each glucose is linked with β−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of cellulose. Therefore, cellulose is an example of polysaccharide.

Answer 45

Conclusion

Cellulose on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, cellulose is a polysaccharide.

Answer 46

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that two monosaccharides are linked to each other through glycosidic linkage and results in the formation of a disaccharide. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 2 is an example of disaccharide.

Answer 47

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the given carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Answer 48

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

The given carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Answer 49

Expert Solution

Answer 50

Expert Solution

Answer 51

Expert Solution

Answer 52

Explanation of Solution

The structural formula of the given carbohydrate is shown below.

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 17, Problem 17.4E , additional homework tip 2

Figure 2

The above structure of carbohydrate shows that two monosaccharides are linked to each other through glycosidic linkage and results in the formation of a disaccharide. Therefore, the above carbohydrate is a disaccharide.

Answer 53

Conclusion

The carbohydrate shown in Figure 2 is an example of disaccharide.

Answer 54

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether glycogen is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Glycogen is a polymeric form of D-glucose which on hydrolysis gives glucose units. Each glucose unit is linked by α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. Therefore, glycogen is an example of polysaccharide. Glycogen is present in the muscles and liver of animals.

Conclusion

Glycogen on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Answer 55

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Whether glycogen is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Answer 56

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Answer 57

Expert Solution

Answer 58

Expert Solution

Answer 59

Expert Solution

Answer 60

Explanation of Solution

Glycogen is a polymeric form of D-glucose which on hydrolysis gives glucose units. Each glucose unit is linked by α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. Therefore, glycogen is an example of polysaccharide. Glycogen is present in the muscles and liver of animals.

Answer 61

Conclusion

Glycogen on hydrolysis gives a large number of molecules of glucose. As a result, glycogen is a polysaccharide.

Answer 62

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether amulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Amylose is a polysaccharide.

Explanation of Solution

Amylose is a polymeric form of α− D-glucose because amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. Each glucose is linked with α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of amylose. Therefore, amylose is an example of polysaccharide.

Conclusion

Amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. As a result, amylose is a polysaccharide.

Answer 63

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

Whether amulose is a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

On the basis of the structural differences carbohydrates are classified into three parts.

Monosaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing only one aldehyde or ketone unit. For example: glucose and fructose.

Disaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Sucrose, lactose.

Polysaccharide: They are the polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones containing more than two aldehyde or ketone units. For example: Cellulose, starch.

Answer 64

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 17.4E

Amylose is a polysaccharide.

Answer 65

Expert Solution

Answer 66

Expert Solution

Answer 67

Expert Solution

Answer 68

Explanation of Solution

Amylose is a polymeric form of α− D-glucose because amylose on hydrolysis gives a large number of glucose units. Each glucose is linked with α−1, 4-glycosidic linkage. This type of linkage allows more packed and long chain polymeric structure of amylose. Therefore, amylose is an example of polysaccharide.