Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The ammonia (
Concept introduction:
pKa: It is introduced as an index to express the acidity of weak acids, where
In aqueous solution an acid undergoes ionization. The ionization of an acid is can be expressed in terms of equilibrium constant. The quantitative measurement tells about the strength of the acid. Higher the value of
The dissociation constant for the acid is
For simplifications
The lower value of
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Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
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- Complete the balanced chemical reaction for the following weak base with a strong acid. In this case, write the resulting acid and base as its own species in the reaction. CH;NH2(aq) + HCIO3(aq) > 4- 3. 2+ 3+ 4+ 1 2 6 7 8 O2 4 5. ) (s) (1) (g) (aq) H N H30* CI H20 OH 4- +arrow_forward2.2 6. (1) Define pH in words. The strong acid HClag has a pH value of 1, use the following equation for a strong acid: Claa HClaa Hog + and convert the following expression to deduce the hydrogen ion concentration: pH = -log10 [H+] (ii) Use the above expression to deduce the pH of HCl (ag) given the concentration of the acid to be 4.5 mol/dm³ pH =arrow_forward4. (a) Calculate [H3O*] and [OH] for the solutions indicated: lemon juice, pH = 2.42 (1) (ii) household ammonia pH = 11.21 (iii) (iv) (v) phosphate buffer pH = 6.96 human urine pOH = 7.8 tomato juice pOH = 9.9arrow_forward
- 8. In the following reaction i) ii) iii) iv) Zn(s) + 12(s)→→→→→→ Zn²+ (aq) + 21 (aq) - Which species is being oxidized? () Which species is being reduced? (1 Which species is the oxidizing agent? Which species is the reducing agent? ( 9. Consider the following equilibrium: N2(g) +202(g) = 2NO2(g) Calculate the value of the equilibrium constant if 0.0013 moles of N₂, 0.0013 mols of O₂, and 0.0028 moles of NO₂ are present in a 50mL flask at 35°C. 5arrow_forward6arrow_forward6. (a) Aspirin is a weak acid with a pKa of 3.6 and MW 180 g/mol. The saturation solubility (S) of aspirin in water is 3.3 g /L and a saturated solution has pH equal to your answer to question 4(b) above. What is the solubility of the unionised form (So) of aspirin at this pH using units of mol/L and g/L. (b) Use the So value (just obtained) to calculate the saturation solubility (S) of aspirin in water at pH 6.6 using units of mol/L and g/L. (c) If you modified the aspirin suspension APF12 formula by replacing the purified water with pH 6.6 buffer, would the product be a suspension or solution?arrow_forward
- 3) One of the main buffer systems found in living organisms is the phosphate buffer system, often used in biological research to mimic cellular conditions. The phosphate equilibrium reactions and their corresponding pKa's are as follows: H3PO4 = H* + H2PO, H2PO, = H+ + HPO?- HPO- = H+ + PO;- pKa1 pКаz —D 7.21 = 12.44 = 2.12 pKa3 (a) Given the above chemical reaction, write out the expression for K, of the buffer system which would predominate at neutral pH conditions. Justify your choice. (b) The human body, and many other lifeforms, prefer an internal pH of 7.2 to maintain homeostasis. However, some more acid-tolerant or basic-tolerant organisms can survive (and sometimes thrive) within different ranges of pH. Calculate the mass and moles of the correct acid and corresponding conjugate base solid (assume you have sodium salts of each base: NaH,PO4, Na,HPO4, and Na PO,) which are needed to make 500 mL of a 0.5 M buffer solution (0.5 M total, including the concentration of acid and base…arrow_forwardtrue or false? The following reaction equation is a redox reaction: 2H2O (l) + 2Cl- (aq) ⟶ H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) + 2OH- (aq)arrow_forward(a) When acetone dissolves in water, what major species are present? Write structures, cations or anions separated by comma. (b) When potassium bromide dissolves in water, what major species are present? Write structures, cations or anions separated by comma. (c) When lithium hydroxide dissolves in water, what major species are present? Write structures, cations or anions separated by comma. (d) When sulphuric acid dissolves in water, what major species are present? Write structures, cations or anions separated by comma.arrow_forward
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