Microbiology: An Introduction
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780321929150
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 8R
Summary Introduction
To review: The labels of the phagocytosis - margination, diapedesis, adherence and phagolysosome formation.
Introduction:
The immune system of the vertebrates gives protection against the infectious foreign substances or pathogenic organisms. It is a complex biological reaction which involves in the specific and nonspecific defense against the infectious agents. The pathogenic damages to the defense cells indicate the sign of inflammation. After inflammation, the phagocytic cells are initiated to destroy the invading microbes.
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List and describe the 6 stages of phagocytosis.
Explain why attempts at phagocytosis are not always successful; cite factors that increase the likelihood of success.
Put the name each stages of phagocytosis in the picture below:
Chapter 16 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction
Ch. 16 - Identify at least one physical and one chemical...Ch. 16 - Define inflammation, and list its characteristics.Ch. 16 - What are interferons? Discuss their roles in...Ch. 16 - How can the complement system cause endotoxic...Ch. 16 - Patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6RCh. 16 - Give several examples of how microbes evade the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8RCh. 16 - Are the following involved in innate or adaptive...Ch. 16 - These agranulocytes are not phagocytic until they...
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 16 - If the following are placed in the order of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 16 - A human host can prevent a pathogen from getting...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 16 - In 1884. Elie Metchnikoff observed blood cells...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 1ACh. 16 - Prob. 2ACh. 16 - Prob. 3ACh. 16 - The list below identifies a virulence factor for a...Ch. 16 - People with Rhinovirus infections of the nose and...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2CAECh. 16 - Leukocyte adherence deficiency (LAD) is an...Ch. 16 - The neutrophils of individuals with Chdiak-Higashi...Ch. 16 - Consider the following. a. In laboratory...
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- Define phagocytearrow_forwardDescribe how microfilaments and microtubules areinvolved in the phagocytosis and destruction of apathogen by a macrophage.arrow_forwardExtravasation has two phases: margination and diapedesis. Describe what happens during these phases in inflammation. In your description include the role of specific adhesion molecules for extravasation.arrow_forward
- Explain the process of phagocytosis, including the steps involved, using a series of labelled drawings drawn by you. Give reasons to explain why phagocytosis is an important and effective defence mechanism of destroying pathogens during body’s innate immune responses. Explain phagocytosis as a defence mechanism with references in Harvard stylearrow_forwardDefine the origin and action of lysosomes in phagocytosis.arrow_forwardDefine inflammation. Mention its types and its morphological patternsarrow_forward
- Macrophages develop from which type of blood cell?arrow_forwardPhagocytes have been described as “bloodhounds” searching for a “scent” as they brows through the tissues of the body. The scent they usually seek is chemotactic factor, a peptide released by bacterial cells. Does it strike you as unusual that bacterial cells would release a substance to attract the “bloodhound” that will eventually lead to the bacterial cell’s demise? Explain.arrow_forwardDescribe several reasons why phagocytes are not alwayseffective at removing pathogens from the bodyarrow_forward
- Describe the interaction between a phagocyte and pathogen that triggers phagocytosisarrow_forwardMatch the steps of phagocytosis with the description. Chemotaxis [ Choose ] Binding [ Choose ] [ Choose ] The wastes are excreted from the white blood cell The white blood cell moves towards the pathogen This is the actual endocytosis The white blood cell attaches to the pathogen The pathogen is broken down inside the white blood cell [ Choose ] Ingestion Digestion Elimination [ Choose ]arrow_forwardDefine phagocytosis and identify which cells serve this function.arrow_forward
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