Microbiology: An Introduction
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780321929150
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 9MCQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Interferon’s (IFNs) are the antiviral agents which is first discovered in 1957 by Alick Isaacs and Jean Lindenmann. Interferons are cytokines, which involve in cellular signaling between the cells to provide the immune response to the cells from the viral infections.
Interferon’s (IFNs) are antiviral proteins, which show the defense activities against the various viral infections without damaging the body cells. However, the IFNs also play a major role against some acute infections such as influenza and colds. There are three types of interferon’s, which includes,
-
- 1. Alpha interferon (IFN-α)
- 2. Beta interferon (IFN-β)
- 3. Gamma interferon (IFN-γ)
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A researcher performs an experiment where he infects 2 mice (Mouse A and Mouse B) with herpes simplex virus (HSV). To measure the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells from Mouse A, he isolates CD8+ T cells from Mouse A and co-cultures them with a mixture of HSV-infected spleen cells from Mouse B. A day later, he checks the co-culture, but none of the infected spleen cells from Mouse B have been killed.
What could explain this observation?
a.Mouse B does not express the invariant chain (Ii)
b.Mouse A and Mouse B express different MHC alleles
c.Mouse A does not express TLR2/6
d.HSV immunoevasins block MHC-II expression
Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect.
Allergens differ from antigens because
a. Allergens produce an abnormally large immune response to what is an otherwise harmless particle.
b. Allergens do not involve the leucocytes, they simple stimulate the inflammatory response.
c. Allergens are only active seasonally and are generally harmless to the body.
d. Allergens are primarily plant derived while antigens are bacterial or viral in nature.
Identify the mismatched pair.
a. CXCR4: lymphocyte tropic
b. exogenous retrovirus: originates outside host’s body
c. infectious virion production: activated CD4 T cells
d. tat: controls export of transcripts from the nucleus
e. lentivirus: long incubation period
f. CCR5: macrophage tropic.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction
Ch. 16 - Identify at least one physical and one chemical...Ch. 16 - Define inflammation, and list its characteristics.Ch. 16 - What are interferons? Discuss their roles in...Ch. 16 - How can the complement system cause endotoxic...Ch. 16 - Patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6RCh. 16 - Give several examples of how microbes evade the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8RCh. 16 - Are the following involved in innate or adaptive...Ch. 16 - These agranulocytes are not phagocytic until they...
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 16 - If the following are placed in the order of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 16 - A human host can prevent a pathogen from getting...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 16 - In 1884. Elie Metchnikoff observed blood cells...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 1ACh. 16 - Prob. 2ACh. 16 - Prob. 3ACh. 16 - The list below identifies a virulence factor for a...Ch. 16 - People with Rhinovirus infections of the nose and...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2CAECh. 16 - Leukocyte adherence deficiency (LAD) is an...Ch. 16 - The neutrophils of individuals with Chdiak-Higashi...Ch. 16 - Consider the following. a. In laboratory...
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