Microbiology: An Introduction
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780321929150
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 16, Problem 1MCQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The complement system consists of thirty heat-labile proteins from plasma and is involved in the opsonization of pathogens for assisting the immune responses of the host. The complement proteins are protease in nature, which helps to cleave the antigens to neutralize the infectious substances. It is a cascade or a series of proteins (from C1 to C9 and some proteins are indicated as lower cases, a and b) that commence at the time of infection; the process is termed as complement activation.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following is not among the first line of defenses against infection? *
a. skin
b. lysozyme in saliva
c. resident populations of bacteria
d. complement activation
e. flushing action of diarrhea
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the alternative complement pathway?
It can be triggered by infectious agent in absence of antibody.
а.
b.
It does not require C1, C2 or C4.
с.
It cannot be initiated unless C3b fragments are already present.
d.
It has the terminal sequence of events as the lectin pathway.
In what process is tumor necrosis factor (TNF) not involved?a. chemotaxis of phagocytesb. fever
c. the inflammatory responsed. the classic complement pathway
Chapter 16 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction
Ch. 16 - Identify at least one physical and one chemical...Ch. 16 - Define inflammation, and list its characteristics.Ch. 16 - What are interferons? Discuss their roles in...Ch. 16 - How can the complement system cause endotoxic...Ch. 16 - Patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6RCh. 16 - Give several examples of how microbes evade the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8RCh. 16 - Are the following involved in innate or adaptive...Ch. 16 - These agranulocytes are not phagocytic until they...
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 16 - If the following are placed in the order of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 16 - A human host can prevent a pathogen from getting...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 16 - In 1884. Elie Metchnikoff observed blood cells...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 1ACh. 16 - Prob. 2ACh. 16 - Prob. 3ACh. 16 - The list below identifies a virulence factor for a...Ch. 16 - People with Rhinovirus infections of the nose and...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2CAECh. 16 - Leukocyte adherence deficiency (LAD) is an...Ch. 16 - The neutrophils of individuals with Chdiak-Higashi...Ch. 16 - Consider the following. a. In laboratory...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- are cytolytic proteins that binds to target cell's plasma membrane to form pores. a. Chemokines b. Perforins c. Cytotoxicity d. Interferonsarrow_forwardWhich of the following does not accurately describe complement components? A. made by the spleen B. located in extracellular spaces C. some function as proteases once activated D. activated by a cascade of enzymatic reactions. E. soluble proteinsarrow_forwardAcidic environments slow the growth of or destroy some pathogens. Which locations in the body use this defence mechanism? Select ALL that apply. a. Skin (sweat) b. Mouth (saliva) O c. Stomach (hydrochloric acid) O d. Vagina (produced by beneficial bacteria) e. Urinary tract (urine)arrow_forward
- Which of these statements about complement proteins C3a and C5a is false?a. They are released during the complement fixation process.b. They stimulate chemotaxis of phagocytic cells.c. They promote the activity of phagocytic cells.d.They produce pores in the victim plasma membrane.arrow_forwardA child falls and receives a deep cut on her leg that went through her skin and is bleeding. Which of the following defense mechanisms will participate in eliminating contaminating microbes? A. ciliary escalator B. normal skin flora C. phagocytosis in the inflammatory response D. Iysozymearrow_forwardMatch the barrier defense organ with its defense mechanisms A. vagina B. trachea and bronchi C. skin D. stomach E. mouth select A B C D E 1. villi pushing material outward select A B C D E 2. igA dimers in the saliva select A B C D E 3. low pH, antibodies, and secretions select A B C D E 4. keratinized epithelium and sweat glands select A B C D E 5. extremely low pH and digestive enzymesarrow_forward
- Which pathway of complement activation acts in conjunction with the action of antibodies? A. the lectin pathway В. the alternative pathway C. the classical pathway D. the attack pathwayarrow_forwardImmunoglobins help eliminate the pathogen through the process of: A. Release of hydrolytic enzymes on the pathogen B. Agglutination and precipitation C. Direct phagocytosis D. Activating plateletsarrow_forwardAcidic environments slow the growth of or destroy some pathogens. Which locations in the body use this defence mechanism? Select ALL that apply. □ a. Vagina (produced by beneficial bacteria) b. Skin (sweat) O c. Lungs (mucus) Od. Stomach (hydrochloric acid) De. Mouth (saliva) f. Urinary tract (urine)arrow_forward
- Which of the following is not typically considered a defense against infection within the Gl tract? a. keratinized layer of cells C. secretory IgA b. mucous coat d. continuous passage of cellsarrow_forwardEnhanced phagocytosis of a cell by the binding of aspecific protein is called ________.a. endocytosisb. opsonizationc. anaphylaxisd. complement activationarrow_forwardA(n) _____ is an inactive form of an enzyme that frequently participates in a cascade of enzymatic reactions during complement activation. a. regulator of complement activation b. convertase c. complement control protein module d. zymogen e. opsonin.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
7 Freudian Defence Mechanisms Explained; Author: Lewis Psychology;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fTnjJ105ze4;License: Standard youtube license