Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 39CTQ
New drugs are being developed that decrease DNA methylation and prevent the removal of acetyl groups from histone proteins. Explain how these drugs could affect gene expression to help kill tumor cells.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
please help me with this problem
Cancer cells removed from a patient's tumor have increased gene expression of several hundred genes (including many cancer-causing genes). Scientists determine that the histones from the cancer cells have an overall/average lower affinity for DNA than histones from normal control cells.
Which drug is most likely to help treat this patient's cancer?
a. An inhibitor for HMT (histone methyltransferases)
b. An inhibitor for HDM (histone demethylases)
c. An inhibitor for HDACs (histone deacetylases)
d. An inhibitor for HATs (histone acetyltransferase)
X31b is an experimental compound that is taken up by rapidly dividing cells. Research has shown that X31b stimulates the methylation of DNA. Some cancer researchers are interested in testing X31b as a possible drug for treating prostate cancer. Offer a possible explanation for why X31b might be an effective anticancer drug.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 16 - Figure 16.5 In E. coli, the tip operon is on by...Ch. 16 - Figure 16.7 In females, one of the two X...Ch. 16 - Figure 16.13 An increase in phosphorylation levels...Ch. 16 - Control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells...Ch. 16 - Post-translational control refers to: regulation...Ch. 16 - How does the regulation of gene expression support...Ch. 16 - If glucose is absent, but so is lactose, the lac...Ch. 16 - Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus. Therefore, the...Ch. 16 - The a/a operon is an inducible operon that...Ch. 16 - What are epigenetic modifications? the addition of...
Ch. 16 - Which of the following are true of epigenetic...Ch. 16 - The binding of _____ is required for transcription...Ch. 16 - What will result from the binding of a...Ch. 16 - A scientist compares the promoter regions of two...Ch. 16 - Which of the following are involved in post...Ch. 16 - Binding of an RNA binding protein will the...Ch. 16 - An unprocessed pre-mRNA has the following...Ch. 16 - IS. Alternative splicing has been estimated to...Ch. 16 - Post-translational modifications of proteins can...Ch. 16 - A scientist mutates elF-2 to eliminate its GTP...Ch. 16 - Cancer causing genes are called transformation...Ch. 16 - Targeted therapies are used in patients with a set...Ch. 16 - Name two differences between prokaryotic and...Ch. 16 - Describe how controlling gene expression will...Ch. 16 - Describe how transcription in prokaryotic cells...Ch. 16 - What is the difference between a repressible and...Ch. 16 - In cancer cells, alteration to epigenetic...Ch. 16 - A scientific study demonstrated that rat mothering...Ch. 16 - Some autoimmune diseases show a positive...Ch. 16 - A mutation within the promoter region can alter...Ch. 16 - What could happen if a cell had too much of an...Ch. 16 - A scientist identifies a potential transcription...Ch. 16 - Describe how RBPs can prevent miRNAs from...Ch. 16 - How can external stimuli alter...Ch. 16 - Protein modification can alter gene expression in...Ch. 16 - Alternative forms of a protein can be beneficial...Ch. 16 - Changes in epigenetic modifications alter the...Ch. 16 - A scientist discovers a virus encoding a Protein X...Ch. 16 - New drugs are being developed that decrease DNA...Ch. 16 - How can understanding the gene expression pattern...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Use the second condition for equilibrium (net =0 ) to calculate Fpin Example 9.1, employing any data given or s...
College Physics
3. What are serous membranes, and what are their functions?
Human Anatomy & Physiology
Match the people in column A to their contribution toward the advancement of microbiology, in column B. Column ...
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
QUANTITATIVE Punnett Squares as Genetic Tools. The genetic characters of seed color (where Y is the allele for ...
Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
Distinguish between microevolution, speciation, and macroevolution.
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
In mechanism, photophosphorylation is most similar to A. substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis. B. oxid...
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- can you please help me out with this ? Mutations in the IL2RG gene cause approximately 30 percent of severe combined immunodeficiency disorder (SCID) cases in humans. These mutations result in alterations to a protein component of cytokine receptors that are essential for proper development of the immune system. The IL2RG gene is composed of eight exons and contains upstream and downstream sequences that are necessary for proper transcription and translation. Below are some of the mutations observed. For each, explain its likely influence on the IL2RG gene product (assume its length to be 375 amino acids). Nonsense mutation in a coding region Insertion in Exon 1, causing frameshift Insertion in Exon 7, causing frameshift Missense mutation Deletion in Exon 2, causing frameshift Deletion in Exon 2, in frame (g) Large deletion covering Exons 2 and 3arrow_forwardThe p53 gene is a tumor-suppressor gene while Ras is a proto-oncogene. Mutation in either one can result in the transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell. Explain the difference between the functions of the two proteins and how their mutation can lead to cancer development.arrow_forwardThe tumor suppressor pRB also binds to and suppresses the activity of retinoblastoma-binding protein 2 (RBP2), a histone demethylase that removes methyl groups from di- and trimethylated lysines in histone 3. What is the possible consequence of an inactivating mutation in RB1 that causes an inability of pRB to bind RBP2?arrow_forward
- The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene Rb (RB1) codes forthe retinoblastoma protein (pRB). pRB prevents the progression of the cell cycle through G1 if DNA has been damaged. Itdoes so in part because it binds a transcription-activatingdimer referred to as E2F-DP. The pRB-E2F/DP complex recruits a histone deacetylase to chromatin. Explain.arrow_forwardWrite the word TRUE if the statement is correct and if false, replace the underlined words with the correct one. 1. Heterochromatin is typically gene-rich and composed of loosely-packed DNA that is transcriptionally active. 2. Molecular switches regulate the expression of genes by directing where and when genes should be turned on or off depending on the cell signal. 3. DNA Methylation and acetylation of histones are inverselycorrelated 4. Specialized cells produce specialized proteins derived from luxury genes which are constitutively expressed. 5. In mammals, methylation patterns that regulate DNA structure and gene expression become evident from the gastrula stage.arrow_forwardCancer is caused by many different types of gene mutations. Some mutations are in proto-oncogenes, which lead to overexpression of the genes, and other mutations are in tumor suppressor genes, which lead to under expression or no expression in these genes. Which kinds of gene mutations would RNA interference (RNAi) be better at treating? Explain.arrow_forward
- Cancer can be defined as an abnormal proliferation of cells that defy the normal regulatory controls observed by normal cells. Recently, histone deacetylation therapies have been attempted in the treatment of certain cancers [reviewed by Delcuve et al. (2009)]. Specifically, the FDA has approved histone deacetylation (HDAC) inhibitors for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Explain why histone acetylation might be associated with cancer and what the rationale is for the use of HDAC inhibitors in the treatment of certain forms of cancer.arrow_forwardThe p53 gene is a tumor-suppressor gene while p634 gene is an oncogene. Mutation in either one can result in the transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell. Explain the difference between the functions of the two proteins and how their mutation can lead to cancer development.arrow_forwardSeveral research studies are under way that involve the use of genetherapies to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Oncogenes are mutant genes that are overexpressed and cause cancer. New gene therapies are aimed at silencing oncogenes by producing antisense RNA that recognizes the mRNAtranscribed from oncogenes. Based on your understanding of antisense RNA , explain how this strategy would prevent the growth of cancer cells.arrow_forward
- Why is it important to model cancer through the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells ? Explain in detail the main findings. Please sort as a list.arrow_forward(b): How many forms can naturally occurring DNA exist in? Explain how these forms are characterized. What properties of the functional groups determine the binding of DNA with anti-cancer agents? Explain.arrow_forwardImatinib is an anti-cancer drug that inhibits the function of CD117, a receptor protein coded for by the KIT gene. Mutations in the KIT gene are implicated in gastrointestinal cancers. Aimee, who has a gastrointestinal tumor asked her doctor if she could try Imatinib, but her doctor first required that she get a biopsy of her tumor. Hair loss is a well-known side effect of chemotherapy; why does this side effect occur? (1) Chemotherapy targets cells undergoing division. Hair stem cells are constantly replenishing (growing) just like cancer cells. They are then also targeted by chemotherapy, causing hair loss. (2) Chemotherapy targets all cells, whether dividing or not dividing, and hair cells are collateral in the fight against cancer (3) Chemotherapy targets proteins in our cells and hair cells have an abundance of proteinsarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
An Introduction to the Human Genome | HMX Genetics; Author: Harvard University;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEJp7B6u_dY;License: Standard Youtube License