Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 15, Problem 16TYK
Summary Introduction
To review:
The experimental design to show the universal nature of the genetic code, i.e. the code is same in bacteria as well as eukaryotes like
Introduction:
Genetic code is described as the mathematical expression used by the living cells to translate the information encoded within the genetic material (DNA or mRNA) into proteins. Translation is the process which is accomplished by the ribosome, here the amino acids are linked to each other in a specified order shown by the mRNA and leads to the formation of a specific polypeptide or protein. The genetic code is universal in nature, as in all organisms same codon specify the same amino acids, except few exceptions.
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Students have asked these similar questions
26) Eukaryotes are unable to couple transcription and translation because:
A) the two processes occur in separate regions of the cell
B) they do not have the specialized ribosomes that occur in bacteria
C) the genetic code in eukaryotes is incompatible with the formation of polyribosomes
D) the mRNA of eukaryotes do not have the appropriate spacers that polycistrons allow for polyribosomes to form
E) eukaryotic mRNA molecules are monocistronic.
asap please.
What is the concept of universality of the genetic code? What are the exceptions to this universality?
The Human Genome Project resulted in the identification of 20,000 genes that code for proteins in humans. On average, each gene can code for 4 different proteins. Which of the following processes explains how a single gene could code for more than one protein?
A) the central dogma of molecular biology
B) mutations
C) alternative splicing
D) redundancy in the genetic code
E) the fact that there are three stop codons
Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 15.1 - If the codon were five bases long, how many...Ch. 15.2 - For the DNA template below, what would be the...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 15.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 15.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 15.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 15.4 - Distinguish between the P, A, and E sites of the...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 3SBCh. 15.5 - How does a missense mutation differ from a silent...
Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 2SBCh. 15.5 - Prob. 3SBCh. 15.5 - Prob. 4SBCh. 15 - Eukaryotic mRNA: usessnRNPs to cut out introns and...Ch. 15 - A segment of a strand of DNA has a base sequence...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 15 - Which of the following statements is false? a. GTP...Ch. 15 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 15 - A part of an mRNA molecule with the sequence 5-UGC...Ch. 15 - Discuss Concepts A mutation occurs that alters an...Ch. 15 - Discuss Concepts The normal form of a gene...Ch. 15 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 1ITD
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- Which of the following types of enzymes is primarily responsible for setting up the genetic code? 1.) Kinases 2.) DNA ligase 3.) DNA gyrase 4.) peptidyl transferase 5.) aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (charging enzymes)arrow_forwardA major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is the presence of a nucleus. What advantages and disadvantages may occur with having a cell’s genome packaged in a nucleus?arrow_forwardWhat is meant by the universality of the genetic code?arrow_forward
- Which of the following terms is used for the various forms of any one a) Autosomes b ) Codons c) Allelt e ) Homozygousarrow_forwardConsider a portion of a gene in a cell with the sequence TTTTT. Which of the following bases would you find in the complementary RNA strand, and where in the (eukaryotic) cell would this RNA be synthesized? A) A-A-A-A-A; ribosome B) U-U-U-U-U; ribosome C) A-A-A-A-A; nucleus D) U-U-U-U-U; nucleusarrow_forwardThe central dogma of molecular biology states simply that DNA encodes RNA, and RNA encodes protein. For each of the following processes, describe, 1) where in the cell they occur, 2) one important protein (or protein containing complex) involved 3) the result of this process. DNA replication Where?) Protein?) Result?) Transcription Where?) Protein?) Result?) Splicing Where?) Protein?) Result?) Translation Where?) Protein?) Result?)arrow_forward
- what is it meant by the genetic code being nearly universal?arrow_forwardWhat is meant by the statement “The genetic code is universal”? What is the significance of this finding?arrow_forwardChloramphenicol blocks the peptidyl transferase reaction on ribosomes. The specific effect of this compound would be to ... A) inhibit transcription B) prevent peptide bond formation C) block the translocation steps in translation D) prevent entry of aminoacyl TRNAS into the A site E) prevent recognition of the promoter sequences by sigma factorarrow_forward
- Can you please answer these questions? I don’t know the right answers.arrow_forwardWhy can the genetic code be qualified as a “degenerate code”?arrow_forwardA eukaryotic mRNA has 703 total nucleotides. 50 of these are the 5'UTR and 50 of these are the 3'UTR. How many amino acids are in the protein encoded by this mRNA?Question 26 options: A) 199 B) 200 C) 201 D) 300 E) 700arrow_forward
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