Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 10TYK
A part of an mRNA molecule with the sequence 5’-UGC GCA-3’ is being translated by a ribosome. The following activated tRNA molecules are available.
tRNA Anticodon Amino Acid
3’-GGC-5’ Proline
3’-CGU-5’ Alanine
3’-UGC-5’ Treonine
3’-CCG-5’ Glycine
3’-ACG-5’ Cysteine
3’-CGC-5’ Alanine
Which two of them can bind correctly to the mRNA so that a dipeptide can form?
a. cysteine–alanine
b. proline–cysteine
c. glycine–cysteine
d. alanine–alanine
e. threonine–glycine
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For each of the following items, fill in either the DNA strand, the MRNA codons, the tRNA anticodons, or the
amino acid sequence that have been left blank. If several sequences might work, choose only one.
Furthermore, circle the start and the stop codons of each mRNA sequence.
1.
DNA (3'-5')
ACG
TAC
GGC
CGG
TTA
AAG
CAT
ACT
TTC
TTG
MRNA
TRNA
Amino Acid
2.
DNA (3'-5')
MRNA
AUG
ACU
AGC
UGG
GGG
UAU
UAC
UUU
UAG
AAA
TRNA
Amino Acid
3.
DNA (3'-5')
MRNA
TRNA
GCU
CCU
UAC
CAC
ССС
CGU
AUG
GCU
GGG
AUC
Activate
Go to Sett
Amino Acid
Table 8.2: Transcription and translation of the first 7 codons in the B-globin chain of hemoglobin.
Normal Sequence
Mutated Sequence
DNA
DNA
amino
acid
DNA
DNA
amino
Codon
MRNA
Codon
MRNA
coding template
strand
coding template
strand
strand
acid
code
code
strand
sequence
sequence
G
1
1
G
G
C
2
A
2
A
3
G
G
A
A
4
4
C
G
A
G
G
G
G
7
A
7
A
G
G
Shape of RBC
Shape of RBC
23
3.
A fragment of a polypeptide, Met-Thr-Ile-Ser-Asp-Ile is encoded by the following sequence of DNA:Strand A - TACGATGACGATAAGCGACATAGC - Strand B - ATGCTACTGCTATTCGCTGTATCG -Which is the transcribed (template) strand? Write the sequence of the resulting mRNA transcript. Add labels to the strands above to show the 3’ and 5’ ends.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 15.1 - If the codon were five bases long, how many...Ch. 15.2 - For the DNA template below, what would be the...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 15.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 15.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 15.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 15.4 - Distinguish between the P, A, and E sites of the...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 3SBCh. 15.5 - How does a missense mutation differ from a silent...
Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 2SBCh. 15.5 - Prob. 3SBCh. 15.5 - Prob. 4SBCh. 15 - Eukaryotic mRNA: usessnRNPs to cut out introns and...Ch. 15 - A segment of a strand of DNA has a base sequence...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 15 - Which of the following statements is false? a. GTP...Ch. 15 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 15 - A part of an mRNA molecule with the sequence 5-UGC...Ch. 15 - Discuss Concepts A mutation occurs that alters an...Ch. 15 - Discuss Concepts The normal form of a gene...Ch. 15 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 15 - Prob. 1ITD
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- Given the following mRNA, write the double-stranded DNA segment that served as the template. Indicate both the 5 and the 3 ends of both DNA strands. Also write out the tRNA anticodons and the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the mRNA message. DNA: mRNA: 5-CCGCAUGUUCAGUGGGCGUAAACACUGA-3 protein: tRNA:arrow_forwardThe following is a portion of a protein: met-trp-tyr-arg-gly-pro-thr-Various mutant forms of this protein have been recovered. Using the normal and mutant sequences, determine the DNA and mRNA sequences that code for this portion of the protein, and explain each of the mutations. a. met-trp- b. met-cys-ile-val-val-leu-gln- c. met-trp-tyr-arg-ser-pro-thr- d. met-trp-tyr-arg-gly-ala-val-ile-ser-pro-thr-arrow_forwardGiven the following tRNA anticodon sequence, derive the mRNA and the DNA template strand. Also, write out the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by this message. tRNA: UAC UCU CGA GGC mRNA: protein: How many hydrogen bonds would be present in the DNA segment?arrow_forward
- Consider the following mature mRNA from a human cell: 5' UAAUGUCGCAAUAACC 3¹ What is the sequence of amino acids in the translated protein? Second letter A First letter С U d A G บบบ UUC P U UUA UUG Leu CUU CUC CUA CUG GUU GUC GUA GUG -Phe Met-Ser-Gln Met-Arg-Lys-Ser Leu Stop-Cys-Arg-Asn-Asn C AUU AUC lle AUA ACA AUG Met ACG Val UCU UCC UCA UCG CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU ACC GCU GCC GCA GCGJ Ser Pro Thr Ala UAU UAC Tyr UGU UGC. UAA Stop UGA Stop UAG Stop UGG Trp CAC CAGGin CAU His Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. AAU Asn AAA Lys AAG. There is no start codon, resulting in no translated protein. GAU ASP GAC Glu GAA GAG G CGU CGC CGA CGG Cys AGU AGC AGA AGG Arg GGU GGC GGA GGGJ Arg ser Gly MCAG U UCAG с А SCAG U SCAG U Third letterarrow_forwardGive the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the mRNA in Figure 15.21.arrow_forwardA part of an MRNA molecule with the following sequence is being read by a ribosome: 5' - CCG-ACG - 3' (mRNA). The following charged transfer RNA molecules (with their anticodons shown in the 3' to 5' direction) are available. Two of them can correctly match the MRNA so that a dipeptide can form. TRNA Anticodon| Amino Acid GGC Proline Alanine Threonine CGU UGC Glycine Cysteine Alanine СCG ACG CGG The anticodon loop of the first tRNA that will complement this MRNA is Select one: a. 5'-ACG-3' b. 3'-UGC-5' O c. 5'-UGC-3' d. 5'-GGC-3' е. 3'-GGC-5'arrow_forward
- A segment of a polypeptide chain is Arg-Gly-Ser-Phe-Val-Asp-Arg. It is encoded by the following segment of DNA: GGCTAGCTGCTTCCTTGGGGA CCGATCGACGAAGGAACCCCT Note out the mRNA sequence generated by the template strant to produce that polypeptide chain Label each stran with its correct polarity (5' and 3' ends on each strand)arrow_forwardUsing the genetic code, indicate which polypeptides would be synthesized if poly-UGG were used in a synthetic RNA? poly-W poly-Y poly-G poly-Varrow_forwardWhich of the triplets below is a possible anticodon for a tRNA that transports Leucine (Leu) to a ribosome? Second letter C UGU cys UCU1 UCC UCA UCG UAU Tyr UACS Ser UAA Stop UGA Stop A UAG Stop UGG Trp UUU UGCS Phe UUC U UUA UUG FLeu CAU HiS CGU] CUU CUC Leu CCU ССС CCA CCGJ CACS CGC Arg CGA CAA GIn Pro C CUA CUG J CAG S CGG AUU AUC lle AUA AAU Asn AGU ser ACU АСС Thr ACA AAC AAA ys AGA Arg AAG J AGC AUG Met ACG Lys AGG J GUU GUC CUA Val GAU ASP GCU GACJ GCC FAla GGU] GGC CGA Gly CCA C CAA M UCAG Third letter UCAG UCAG First letterarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is false about the structure of TRNA? O Because of hydrogen bonds, a tRNA actually twists and folds into a three- dimensional structure. O There are 4 base-paired regions and 3 loops in a tRNA molecule. O Flattened into one plane to reveal its base pairing, a tRNA molecule looks like a cloverleaf. O A TRNA molecule consists of a single RNA strand that is only about 80 nucleotides long. O A TRNA molecule carries an amino acid on its 5' end.arrow_forwardUse a codon chart determine the amino acid sequence. Remember to read through the strand and ONLY start after the promoter and STOP when it tells you to stop. Follow example below: Example: DNA AGA TATA TAC CTC CGG TGG GTG CTT GTC TGT ATC CTT CTC AGT ATC MRNA O protein AUG GAG GCC ACC CAC GAA CAG ACA UAG GAA GAG UCA UAG start-glu-ala-thre-hist - asp-glu-threo-stop met DNA CCT ATA TAC ACA CGG AGG GTA CGC TAT TCT ATG ATT ACA CGG TTG CGA TCC ATA ATC mRNA DGGA UAU) AUG uGul Gcc nccl cAul GCol protein ly Tur MeT cys AlA ser HIJ Ala 2 3 4 DNA AGA ACT ATA TAC CTC TTA ACA CTC TAA AGA CCA GCA CTC CGA TGA ACT GGA GCA mRNA protein DNA TAT ATAC CTT GGG GAA TAT ACA CGC TGG CTT CGA TGA ATC CGT ACG GTA CTC GCC ATC mRNA protein D DNA TAA ACT ATA TAC CTA GCT TAG ATC TAA TTA CCC ATC mRNA protein Auu UGA UAU AGU GAUCGA AUC MAG Auu AAU leu Stop. TRY-Met-Asp- ARG-Isle-Stop-Ile. Asn DNA CTA TTT ATA TAC TAG AGC GAA TAG AAA CTT ATC ATC mRNA protein D DNA CAT ATA TAC CTT AGT TAT CCA TTG ACT CGA ATT GTG CGC TTG…arrow_forwardTranslate the RNA codons using the given genetic code 5' A-U-C-G-A-C-G-A-U-C-C-G-A-U-C-G-A-U 3'arrow_forward
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