Organic And Biological Chemistry
Organic And Biological Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305081079
Author: STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
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Question
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Chapter 15, Problem 15.32EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine whether glutamate can be converted to α-ketoglutarate via a transamination reaction or not.

Concept introduction: Transamination reaction is a biochemical reaction that involves the transfer of an amino group. In transamination reaction exchange of an amino group from an α-amino acid with a keto group of an α-keto acid. There occurs no net loss or gain of amino acid in transamination reaction.

During transamination reaction the new keto acid formed has carbon skeleton similar to the carbon skeleton of the reacting amino acid and the new amino acid formed has the carbon skeleton similar to the carbon skeleton of the reacting keto acid.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 15.32EP

Yes, glutamate can be converted to α-ketoglutarate by transamination.

Explanation of Solution

Glutamate is an amino acid and its structure is:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 15.32EP , additional homework tip  1

α-ketoglutarate is keto acid and its structure is:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 15.32EP , additional homework tip  2

Both glutamate and α-ketoglutarate are C5 species and have the same carbon skeleton. They differ only in the functional group attached. Glutamate has an amino functional and α-ketoglutarate has a carbonyl functional group. Thus by interchanging an amino group of glutamate with a keto group from α-ketoglutarate; glutamate can be converted to α-ketoglutarate by transamination.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine whether α-ketoglutarate can be converted to glutamate via a transamination reaction or not.

Concept introduction: Transamination reaction is a biochemical reaction that involves the transfer of an amino group. In transamination reaction exchange of an amino group from an α-amino acid with a keto group of an α-keto acid. There occurs no net loss or gain of amino acid in transamination reaction.

During transamination reaction the new keto acid formed has carbon skeleton similar to the carbon skeleton of the reacting amino acid and the new amino acid formed has the carbon skeleton similar to the carbon skeleton of the reacting keto acid.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 15.32EP

Yes, α-ketoglutarate can be converted to glutamate by transamination.

Explanation of Solution

α-ketoglutarate is keto acid and its structure is:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 15.32EP , additional homework tip  3

Glutamate is an amino acid and its structure is:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 15.32EP , additional homework tip  4

Both glutamate and α-ketoglutarate are C5 species and have the same carbon skeleton. They differ only in the functional group attached. Glutamate has an amino functional and α-ketoglutarate has a carbonyl functional group. Thus by interchanging a keto group of α-ketoglutarate with an amino group from glutamate; α-ketoglutarate can be converted to glutamate by transamination.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine whether glutamate can be converted to aspartate via a transamination reaction or not.

Concept introduction: Transamination reaction is a biochemical reaction that involves the transfer of an amino group. In transamination reaction exchange of an amino group from an α-amino acid with a keto group of an α-keto acid. There occurs no net loss or gain of amino acid in transamination reaction.

During transamination reaction the new keto acid formed has carbon skeleton similar to the carbon skeleton of the reacting amino acid and the new amino acid formed has the carbon skeleton similar to the carbon skeleton of the reacting keto acid.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 15.32EP

No, glutamate cannot be converted to aspartate by transamination.

Explanation of Solution

Glutamate is an amino acid and its structure is:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 15.32EP , additional homework tip  5

Aspartate is an amino acid and its structure is:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 15.32EP , additional homework tip  6

Transamination reaction involves the exchange of an amino group from an α-amino acid with a keto group of an α-keto acid. But because both aspartate and glutamate are amino acids also they have different carbon skeleton (aspartate is a C4 species and glutamate is a C5 species) glutamate cannot be converted to aspartate by transamination. After conversion via transamination reaction, an amino acid is converted into keto acid and vice-versa.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To determine whether α-ketoglutarate can be converted to oxaloacetate via a transamination reaction or not.

Concept introduction: Transamination reaction is a biochemical reaction that involves the transfer of an amino group. In transamination reaction exchange of an amino group from an α-amino acid with a keto group of an α-keto acid. There occurs no net loss or gain of amino acid in transamination reaction.

During transamination reaction the new keto acid formed has carbon skeleton similar to the carbon skeleton of the reacting amino acid and the new amino acid formed has the carbon skeleton similar to the carbon skeleton of the reacting keto acid.

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 15.32EP

No, α-ketoglutarate cannot be converted to oxaloacetate by transamination.

Explanation of Solution

α-ketoglutarate is keto acid and its structure is:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 15.32EP , additional homework tip  7

Oxaloacetate is a keto acid and its structure is:

Organic And Biological Chemistry, Chapter 15, Problem 15.32EP , additional homework tip  8

Transamination reaction involves the exchange of an amino group from an α-amino acid with a keto group of an α-keto acid. But because both oxaloacetate and α-ketoglutarate are keto acids also they have different carbon skeleton (oxaloacetate is a C4 species and α-ketoglutarate is a C5 species) α-ketoglutarate cannot be converted to oxaloacetate by transamination. After conversion via transamination reaction, an amino acid is converted into keto acid and vice-versa.

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Chapter 15 Solutions

Organic And Biological Chemistry

Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 4QQCh. 15.3 - Prob. 5QQCh. 15.3 - Prob. 6QQCh. 15.4 - Prob. 1QQCh. 15.4 - Prob. 2QQCh. 15.4 - Prob. 3QQCh. 15.4 - Prob. 4QQCh. 15.4 - Prob. 5QQCh. 15.4 - In the urea cycle, the urea-producing step...Ch. 15.5 - Which of the following statements concerning the...Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 15.5 - Which of the following statements concerning the...Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 4QQCh. 15.6 - Prob. 1QQCh. 15.6 - Prob. 2QQCh. 15.6 - Prob. 3QQCh. 15.7 - Prob. 1QQCh. 15.7 - Prob. 2QQCh. 15.7 - In the degradation of heme, which of the following...Ch. 15.7 - In the degradation of heme, the iron atom present...Ch. 15.8 - In degradation of the sulfur-containing amino acid...Ch. 15.8 - Prob. 2QQCh. 15.8 - Prob. 3QQCh. 15.8 - Prob. 4QQCh. 15.9 - Prob. 1QQCh. 15.9 - Prob. 2QQCh. 15.9 - Prob. 3QQCh. 15.10 - Transamination reactions require the cofactor PLP...Ch. 15.10 - Prob. 2QQCh. 15.10 - Prob. 3QQCh. 15 - Prob. 15.1EPCh. 15 - Indicate whether each of the following aspects of...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.3EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.4EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.5EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.6EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.7EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.8EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.9EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.10EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.11EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.12EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.13EPCh. 15 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.15EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.16EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.17EPCh. 15 - What are the four major uses for amino acids...Ch. 15 - With the help of Table 26-1, classify each of the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.20EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.21EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.22EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.23EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.24EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.25EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.26EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.27EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.28EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.29EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.30EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.31EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.32EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.33EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.34EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.35EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.36EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.37EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.38EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.39EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.40EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.41EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.42EPCh. 15 - Draw the structure of the -keto acid produced from...Ch. 15 - Draw the structure of the -keto acid produced from...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.45EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.46EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.47EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.48EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.49EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.50EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.51EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.52EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.53EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.54EPCh. 15 - What is a carbamoyl group?Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.56EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.57EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.58EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.59EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.60EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.61EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.62EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.63EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.64EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.65EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.66EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.67EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.68EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.69EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.70EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.71EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.72EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.73EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.74EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.75EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.76EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.77EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.78EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.79EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.80EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.81EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.82EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.83EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.84EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.85EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.86EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.87EPCh. 15 - What is the starting material for the biosynthesis...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.89EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.90EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.91EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.92EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.93EPCh. 15 - What are the structural differences between...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.95EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.96EPCh. 15 - Which bile pigment is responsible for the yellow...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.98EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.99EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.100EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.101EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.102EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.103EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.104EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.105EPCh. 15 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.107EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.108EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.109EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.110EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.111EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.112EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.113EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.114EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.115EPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.116EP
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