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Chapter 15 Solutions
Biochemistry
- REFLECT AND APPLY An amylose chain is 5000 glucose units long. At how many places must it be cleaved to reduce the average length to 2500 units? To 1000 units? To 200 units? What percentage of the glycosidic links are hydrolyzed in each case? (Even partial hydrolysis can drastically alter the physical properties of polysaccharides and thus affect their structural role in organisms.)arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Draw Haworth projection formulas for dimers of glucose with the following types of glycosidic linkages: (a) A (14) linkage (both molecules of glucose in the form) (b) An ,(11) linkage (c) A (16) linkage (both molecules of glucose in the form)arrow_forwardMATHEMATICAL For an enzyme that displays MichaelisMenten kinetics, what is the reaction velocity, V (as a percentage of Vmax), observed at the following values? (a) [S]=KM (b) [S]=0.5KM (c) [S]=0.1KM (d) [S]=2KM (e) [S]=10KMarrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLLY Is the reaction of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate a redox reaction? Give the reason for your answer.arrow_forwardMATHEMATICAL If a reaction can be written AB, and the G is 20kJmol1, what would the substrate/product ratio have to be for the reaction to be thermodynamically favorable?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Two biochemistry students are about to use mitochondria isolated from rat liver for an experiment on oxidative phosphorylation. The directions for the experiment specify addition of purified cytochrome c from any source to the reaction mixture. Why is the added cytochrome c needed? Why does the source not have to be the same as that of the mitochondria?arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY Does the net gain of ATP in glycolysis differ when glycogen, rather than glucose, is the starting material? If so, what is the change?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY The malate-aspartate shuttle yields about 2.5 moles of ATP for each mole of cytosolic NADH. Why does nature use the glycerol-phosphate shuttle, which yields only about 1.5 moles of ATP?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY The following half reactions play important roles in metabolism. 1/2O2+2H++2eH2ONADH+H+NAD++2H++2e Which of these two is a half reaction of oxidation? Which one is a half reaction of reduction? Write the equation for the overall re- action. Which reagent is the oxidizing agent (electron acceptor)? Which reagent is the reducing agent (electron donor)?arrow_forward
- MATHEMATICAL What is the ratio of HEPES/HEPES-H+ in a HEPES buffer at pH 7.9?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY It has been stated many times that fatty acids cannot yield a net gain in carbohydrates. Why can odd-chain fatty acids be thought to break this rule to a small extent?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLLY What are the metabolic effects of not being able to produce the M subunit of phosphofructokinase?arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage Learning