
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Chemical equation that shows reactants, product and catalyst needed for the reaction of propene with chlorine based on Markovnikov’s rule has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of
Halogenation reaction is an example of addition reaction. In this reaction, the halogen atoms are added across the double bonds. Chlorination and bromination are the most commonly used halogenation reaction. For halogenation reaction, no catalyst is required.
Markovnikov’s rule:
When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.
(b)
Interpretation:
Chemical equation that shows reactants, product and catalyst needed for the reaction of propene with hydrogen chloride based on Markovnikov’s rule has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.
In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,
Asymmetrical addition reaction is the one in which two different atoms or group of atoms are substituted across the multiple bond resulting in the formation of product. No catalyst is required for this reaction.
(c)
Interpretation:
Chemical equation that shows reactants, product and catalyst needed for the reaction of propene with hydrogen based on Markovnikov’s rule has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.
In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,
Hydrogenation is a type of addition reaction. In this reaction, hydrogen atoms are added across the multiple bonds present in organic molecule. In case of alkenes to undergo hydrogenation, heating the alkene with presence of catalyst such as nickel or platinum is required.
(d)
Interpretation:
Chemical equation that shows reactants, product and catalyst needed for the reaction of propene with hydrogen bromide based on Markovnikov’s rule has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.
In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,
Asymmetrical addition reaction is the one in which two different atoms or group of atoms are substituted across the multiple bond resulting in the formation of product. No catalyst is required for this reaction.

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Chapter 13 Solutions
GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIO.CHEM.-MINDTAP
- I need the nomenclature of this compoundarrow_forward2. Name the following hydrocarbons. (9 marks) a) HHHHHHHH H-C-C- H-O-S b) HCEC-CH3 H H H H H d) c) H C=C- H H H e) CH3 CH3 CH2CH=CH-CH=CHCH3 HHHH H-C-C-C-C-H H HH H f) large CH2CH3 pola H3C section lovels tower, able ocart firs g) Tower H3C-CH2 then in H3C-CH-CH-CH3 enblbano bne noitsidab Copyright © 2008. Durham Continuing Education CH3arrow_forwardName the molecules & Identify any chiral center CH3CH2CH2CHCH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂ OH CH₂CHCH2CH3 Br CH3 CH3CHCH2CHCH2CH3 CH3arrow_forward
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- Curved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Using the provided starting and product structures, draw the curved electrons-pushing arrows for the following reaction or mechanistic step(s).arrow_forwardCurved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Using the provided starting and product structures, draw the curved electron-pushing arrows for the following reaction or mechanistic step(s). Be sure to account for all bond-breaking and bond-making steps. I I I H Select to Add Arrows HCI, CH3CH2OHarrow_forwardCurved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Use the reaction conditions provided and the follow the arrows to draw the intermediate and product in this reaction or mechanistic step(s).arrow_forward
- Curved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Use the reaction conditions provided and follow the curved arrows to draw the intermediates and product of the following reaction or mechanistic step(s).arrow_forwardCurved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Use the reaction conditions provided and follow the arrows to draw the intermediate and the product in this reaction or mechanistic step(s).arrow_forwardLook at the following pairs of structures carefully to identify them as representing a) completely different compounds, b) compounds that are structural isomers of each other, c) compounds that are geometric isomers of each other, d) conformers of the same compound (part of structure rotated around a single bond) or e) the same structure.arrow_forward
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