Chapter 12.1, Problem 1P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The products for the given reaction have to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Grignard reagent: Alkyl, vinyl, or aryl-magnesium halides are called as Grignard reagents.

The chemical formula of the Grignard reagent is $\text{RMgX}$.

  $\begin{array}{l}\text{Where}\\ \text{R-}\text{Alkyl}\text{or}\text{aryl or}\text{vinyl}\\ \text{X}\text{-}\text{Halogens}\text{such}\text{as}\text{Br,Cl}\text{or}\text{I}\end{array}$

Grignard reagent with water:

In the reaction of Grignard reagent with a water molecule, the hydrogen atom from the water molecule gets added to the $\text{R-}$ group of the Grignard reagent with the elimination of $\text{MgBr}$ as $\text{Mg(OH)Br}\text{.}$

  $\begin{array}{l}\text{RMgBr}\text{+}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\stackrel{}{\to }\text{R-H}\text{+}\text{Mg}\left(\text{OH}\right)\text{Br}\\ \text{Water}\end{array}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The products for the given reaction have to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Grignard reagent: Alkyl, vinyl, or aryl-magnesium halides are called as Grignard reagents.

The chemical formula of the Grignard reagent is $\text{RMgX}$.

  $\begin{array}{l}\text{Where}\\ \text{R-}\text{Alkyl}\text{or}\text{aryl or}\text{vinyl}\\ \text{X}\text{-}\text{Halogens}\text{such}\text{as}\text{Br,Cl}\text{or}\text{I}\end{array}$

Grignard reagent with alcohol:

In the reaction of Grignard reagent with alcohol, the alkyl group from the alcohol gets added to the $\text{R-}$ group of the Grignard reagent with the elimination of $\text{MgBr}$ as $\text{Mg(OH)Br}\text{.}$

  $\begin{array}{l}\text{RMgBr}\text{+}{\text{R}}^{\text{'}}\text{-OH}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{R-R}}^{\text{'}}\text{+}\text{Mg}\left(\text{OH}\right)\text{Br}\\ \text{Alcohol}\end{array}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The products for the given reaction have to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Grignard reagent: Alkyl, vinyl, or aryl-magnesium halides are called as Grignard reagents.

The chemical formula of the Grignard reagent is $\text{RMgX}$.

  $\begin{array}{l}\text{Where}\\ \text{R-}\text{Alkyl}\text{or}\text{aryl or}\text{vinyl}\\ \text{X}\text{-}\text{Halogens}\text{such}\text{as}\text{Br,Cl}\text{or}\text{I}\end{array}$

Grignard reagent with methylamine:

In the reaction of Grignard reagent with methylamine, the methyl group from the methylamine gets added to the $\text{R-}$ group of the Grignard reagent with the elimination of $\text{MgBr}$ as ${\text{Mg(NH}}_2\text{)Br}\text{.}$

  $\begin{array}{l}\text{RMgBr}\text{+}{\text{CH}}_3{\text{NH}}_2\stackrel{}{\to }\text{R-}{\text{CH}}_3\text{+}{\text{Mg(NH}}_2\text{)Br}\text{.}\\ \text{Methylamine}\end{array}$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The products for the given reaction have to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Grignard reagent: Alkyl, vinyl, or aryl-magnesium halides are called as Grignard reagents.

The chemical formula of the Grignard reagent is $\text{RMgX}$.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Where}\\ \text{R-}\text{Alkyl}\text{or}\text{aryl or}\text{vinyl}\\ \text{X}\text{-}\text{Halogens}\text{such}\text{as}\text{Br,Cl}\text{or}\text{I}\end{array}$

Grignard reagent with acetylene:

In the reaction of Grignard reagent with acetylene, one hydrogen atom from the acetylene gets attached to the $\text{R-}$ group of the Grignard reagent with the elimination of $\text{MgBr}$ as