The reason for the statement, “In early days of research on protein synthesis, some scientists observed that their most highly purified ribosome preparation, containing almost exclusively single ribosomes, were less active than preparations that were less highly purified,” is to be explained. Concept introduction: The preparation of ribosomes takes place in the cytoplasm through the transcription of multiple ribosome gene operations. The formation of polysomes can explain how less purified ribosomes are more active as polysomes are formed by the complexation of several mRNA with various ribosomes.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 12, Problem 39RE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for the statement, “In early days of research on protein synthesis, some scientists observed that their most highly purified ribosome preparation, containing almost exclusively single ribosomes, were less active than preparations that were less highly purified,” is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The preparation of ribosomes takes place in the cytoplasm through the transcription of multiple ribosome gene operations.

The formation of polysomes can explain how less purified ribosomes are more active as polysomes are formed by the complexation of several mRNA with various ribosomes.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Example 1: 1. Suppose an enzyme (MW = 5,000 g/mole) has a concentration of 0.05 mg/L. If the kcat is 1 x 10 s, what is the theoretical maximum reaction velocity for the enzyme? A) 1050 µM/s. B) 100 µM/s. C) 150 μM/s. D) 105 μM/s.

In 1956, E. P. Kennedy and S. B. Weiss published their study of membrane lipid phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) synthesis in rat liver. Their hypothesis was that phosphocholine joined with some cellular component to yield lecithin. In an earlier experiment, incubating 32 P-labeled phosphocholine at physiological temperature (37 °C) with broken cells from rat liver yielded labeled lecithin. This became their assay for the enzymes involved in lecithin synthesis. Determine the optimal pH for this enzyme and characterize the enzyme activity at different pH values. -O-P-O-CH2-CH₁₂-N(CH3)3 Phosphocholine H₂C-O-C-R HC-O-C-R2 + + + Cell fraction + ? HC-O-P-O-CH₁₂-CH₂-N(CH), O Phosphatidylcholine The researchers then centrifuged the broken cell preparation to separate the membranes from the soluble proteins. They tested three preparations: whole extract, membranes, and soluble proteins. Table 1 summarizes the results. Table 1: Cell fraction requirement for incorporation of 32p-phosphocholine into…

Researchers isolated an unknown substance, X, from rabbit muscle. They determined its structure from the following observations and experiments. (a) Qualitative analysis showed that X was composed entirely of C, H, and O. A weighed sample of X was completely oxidized and the H2O and CO2 produced were measured. This quantitative analysis revealed that X contained 40.00% C, 6.71% H, and 53.29% O by weight. (b) The molecular mass of X, as determined by mass spectrometry, was 90.00 atomic mass units (u). (c) Infrared spectroscopy showed that X contained one double bond. (d) X dissolved readily in water, and the solution demonstrated optical activity when tested in a polarimeter. (e) The aqueous solution of X is acidic. What is the empirical formula of X?