Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133128741
Author: Serope Kalpakjian, Steven Schmid
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 12, Problem 17QLP
Do you think that there will be fewer defects in a casting made by gravity pouring versus one made by pouring under pressure? Explain.
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2. Consider a polymeric membrane within a 6 cm diameter stirred ultrafiltration cell. The membrane is
30 μm thick. The membrane has pores equivalent in size to a spherical molecule with a molecular weight
of 100,000, a porosity of 80%, and a tortuosity of 2.5. On the feed side of the membrane, we have a
solution containing a protein at a concentration of 8 g L-1 with these properties: a = 3 nm and DAB = 6.0 ×
10-7 cm² s¹. The solution viscosity is 1 cP. The hydrodynamic pressure on the protein side of the
membrane is 20 pounds per square inch (psi) higher than on the filtrate side of the membrane. Assume
that the hydrodynamic pressure difference is much larger than the osmotic pressure difference
(advection >> diffusion). Determine the convective flow rate of the solution across the membrane.
1. Calculate the filtration flow rate (cm³ s¹) of a pure fluid across a 100 cm² membrane. Assume the
viscosity (µ) of the fluid is 1.8 cP. The porosity of the membrane is 40% and the thickness of the
membrane is 500 μm. The pores run straight through the membrane and these pores have a radius of
0.225 μm. The pressure drop applied across the membrane is 75 psi. (Note: 1 cP = 0.001 N s m²² = 0.001
Pa s.)
3. Tong and Anderson (1996) obtained for BSA the following data in a polyacrylamide gel for the
partition coefficient (K) as a function of the gel volume fraction (4). The BSA they used had a molecular
weight of 67,000, a molecular radius of 3.6 nm, and a diffusivity of 6 × 10-7 cm2 s-1. Compare the
Ogston equation
K=exp
+
to their data and obtain an estimate for the radius of the cylindrical fibers (af) that comprise the gel.
Hint: You will need to plot Ink as a function of gel volume fraction as part of your analysis. Please include
your MATLAB, or other, code with your solution.
Gel Volume Fraction (4)
KBSA
0.00
1.0
0.025
0.35
0.05
0.09
0.06
0.05
0.075
0.017
0.085
0.02
0.105
0.03
Chapter 12 Solutions
Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
Ch. 12 - Why are steels more difficult to cast than cast...Ch. 12 - What is the significance of hot spots in metal...Ch. 12 - What is shrinkage allowance? Machining allowance?Ch. 12 - Explain the reason for drafts in molds.Ch. 12 - Prob. 5RQCh. 12 - What are light castings and where are they used...Ch. 12 - Name the types of cast irons generally available,...Ch. 12 - Comment on your observations regarding Fig. 12.5.Ch. 12 - Describe the difference between a runner and a...Ch. 12 - What is the difference between machining allowance...
Ch. 12 - What is dross? Can it be eliminated?Ch. 12 - Describe your observation concerning the design...Ch. 12 - If you need only a few castings of the same...Ch. 12 - Do you generally agree with the cost ratings in...Ch. 12 - Describe the nature of the design differences...Ch. 12 - Note in Fig. 12.5 that the ductility of some cast...Ch. 12 - Do you think that there will be fewer defects in a...Ch. 12 - Explain the difference in the importance of drafts...Ch. 12 - What type of cast iron would be suitable for...Ch. 12 - Explain the advantages and limitations of sharp...Ch. 12 - Explain why the elastic modulus, E, of gray cast...Ch. 12 - If you were to incorporate lettering or numbers on...Ch. 12 - The general design recommendations for a well in...Ch. 12 - The heavy regions of parts typically are placed in...Ch. 12 - What are the benefits and drawbacks to having a...Ch. 12 - When designing patterns for casting, patternmakers...Ch. 12 - Using the information given in Table 12.2, develop...Ch. 12 - The part in Figure P12.28 is to be cast of 10% Sn...Ch. 12 - Describe the general design considerations...Ch. 12 - Add more examples of applications to those shown...Ch. 12 - Explain how ribs and serrations are helpful in...Ch. 12 - List casting processes that are suitable for...Ch. 12 - Small amounts of slag and dross often persist...Ch. 12 - If you need only a few units of a particular...Ch. 12 - For the cast metal wheel illustrated in Fig....Ch. 12 - Assume that the introduction to this chapter is...Ch. 12 - In Fig. P12.37, the original casting design shown...Ch. 12 - An incorrect and a correct design for casting are...Ch. 12 - Using the method of inscribed circles, shown in...Ch. 12 - A growing trend is the production of patterns and...Ch. 12 - Repeat Problem 12.40 for the case where (a) a...
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