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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
To name and draw structural formula for
Concept Introduction:
Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula.
Cis-trans isomerism arises in the compounds when there is a difference in the orientation of the two same groups.
When two same groups are along the same side of the C-C bond it is called as cis isomer, but when the same groups lie opposite to each other along the C-C bond. It is said to be trans isomer.
Example- Cis-1,2-dibromo ethane and trans-1,2, dibromo ethane are cis-trans isomers.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 12.16P
The alkenes with the molecular formula
Explanation of Solution
The longest chain for the given skeleton has 5 carbons therefore the root name prop- is used here. The alkenes with the molecular formula
In this isomer, it contains 6 carbons and 12 hydrogen atoms, thus the molecular formula is
In this isomer, it contains 6 carbons and 12 hydrogen atoms, thus the molecular formula is
In this isomer, it contains 6 carbons and 12 hydrogen atoms, thus the molecular formula is
In this isomer, it contains 6 carbons and 12 hydrogen atoms, thus the molecular formula is
(b)
Interpretation:
To name and draw structural formula for alkenes with the molecular formula
Concept Introduction:
Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula.
Cis-trans isomerism arises in the compounds when there is a difference in the orientation of the two same groups.
When two same groups are along the same side of the C-C bond it is called as cis isomer, but when the same groups lie opposite to each other along the C-C bond. It is said to be trans isomer.
Example- Cis-1,2-dibromo ethane and trans-1,2, dibromo ethane are cis-trans isomers.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 12.16P
The alkenes with the molecular formula
Explanation of Solution
The longest chain for the given skeleton has 4 carbons therefore the root name but- is used here. The alkenes with the molecular formula
In this isomer, it contains 6 carbons and 12 hydrogen atoms, thus the molecular formula is
In this isomer, it contains 6 carbons and 12 hydrogen atoms, thus the molecular formula is
(c)
Interpretation:
To name and draw structural formula for alkenes with the molecular formula
Concept Introduction:
Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula.
Cis-trans isomerism arises in the compounds when there is a difference in the orientation of the two same groups.
When two same groups are along the same side of the C-C bond it is called as cis isomer, but when the same groups lie opposite to each other along the C-C bond. It is said to be trans isomer.
Example- Cis-1,2-dibromo ethane and trans-1,2, dibromo ethane are cis-trans isomers.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 12.16P
The alkene with the molecular formula
Explanation of Solution
The longest chain for the given skeleton has 4 carbons therefore the root name but- is used here. The alkene with the molecular formula
In this isomer, it contains 6 carbons and 12 hydrogen atoms, thus the molecular formula is
(c)
Interpretation:
To name and draw structural formula for alkenes with the molecular formula
Concept Introduction:
Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula.
Cis-trans isomerism arises in the compounds when there is a difference in the orientation of the two same groups.
When two same groups are along the same side of the C-C bond it is called as cis isomer, but when the same groups lie opposite to each other along the C-C bond. It is said to be trans isomer.
Example- Cis-1,2-dibromo ethane and trans-1,2, dibromo ethane are cis-trans isomers.
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Answer to Problem 12.16P
The alkene with the molecular formula
Explanation of Solution
The longest chain for the given skeleton has 4 carbons therefore the root name but- is used here. The alkene with the molecular formula
In this isomer, it contains 6 carbons and 12 hydrogen atoms, thus the molecular formula is
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
- Dodecane, C12H26, is an unbranched alkane Predict the following: Will it dissolve in water? Will it dissolve in hexane? Will it burn when ignited? Is it a liquid, solid, or gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure? Is it more or less dense than water?arrow_forwardDistinguish between isomerism and resonance. Distinguish between structural and geometric isomerism. When writing the various structural isomers, the most difficult task is identifying which are different isomers and which are identical to a previously written structurethat is, which are compounds that differ only by the rotation of a carbon single bond. How do you distinguish between structural isomers and those that are identical? Alkenes and cycloalkanes are structural isomers of each other. Give an example of each using C4H8. Another common feature of alkenes and cycloalkanes is that both have restricted rotation about one or more bonds in the compound, so both can exhibit cis- trans isomerism. What is required for an alkene or cycloalkane to exhibit cis-trans isomerism? Explain the difference between cis and trans isomers. Alcohols and ethers are structural isomers of each other, as are aldehydes and ketones. Give an example of each to illustrate. Which functional group in Table 21-4 can be structural isomers of carboxylic acids? What is optical isomerism? What do you look for to determine whether an organic compound exhibits optical isomerism? 1-Bromo-1-chloroethane is optically active whereas 1-bromo-2-chloroethane is not optically active. Explain.arrow_forwardSummarize the nomenclature rules for alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds. Correct the following false statements regarding nomenclature of hydrocarbons. a. The root name for a hydrocarbon is based on the shortest continuous chain of carbon atoms. b. The suffix used to name all hydrocarbons is -ane. c. Substituent groups are numbered so as to give the largest numbers possible. d. No number is required to indicate the positions of double or triple bonds in alkenes and alkynes. e. Substituent groups get the lowest number possible in alkenes and alkynes. f. The ortho- term in aromatic hydrocarbons indicates the presence of two substituent groups bonded to carbon- 1 and carbon-3 in benzene.arrow_forward
- Draw all possible structure(s) and give the IUPAC systematic name(s) of an alkane or cycloalkane with the formula C8H18 that has only primary hydrogen atoms. Draw the structure(s).arrow_forwardname and draw structural formulas for all cyclo-alkanes with the molecular formula C5H10. Be certain to include cis-trans isomers, as well as constitutional isomersarrow_forwardGive the systematic names for all alkanes with molecular formula C7H16 that do not have any secondary hydrogens.arrow_forward
- Write the condensed structural formulas for two alkenes and one alkyne that all have the molecular formula C6H10.arrow_forwardName the cycloalkanes with molecular formula C6H12 that have a 3-membered ring and two substituents.arrow_forwardDraw the skeletal (bond-line) structures of all isomers of C4H8O (including configurational isomers) that contain an alkene and an ether. There should be 5 structures.arrow_forward
- how many alkanes of the formula c6h14 have quaternary carbon atom?arrow_forwardDraw the condensed or line-angle structure for an alkene with the formula C5H10. Name 6 Structural isomers of C5H10. They should three alkene and two cycloalkanearrow_forwardDraw the structure(s) of the cycloalkanes with molecular formula C6H12 that have a 4-membered ring and two substituents on different carbons.arrow_forward
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