Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
To predict bond angles about each highlighted carbon.
Concept Introduction:
VSEPR predicts the geometry and the bond angles for the molecules according to the theory, the structure is predicted by the lone pairs and bond pairs present in the bond formation.
Electron pair = Lone pair + Bond pair.
Electron pair | Hybridization | Geometry | Bond angles. |
2 | sp | Linear | 180° |
3 | sp2 | Trigonal planar | 120° |
4 | sp3 | Tetrahedra or square planar | 109.5° or 90° |
5 | sp3 d | Trigonal bipyramidal | 120° and 90° |
6 | sp3 d2 | Octahedral | 90° |
(b)
Interpretation:
To predict bond angles about each highlighted carbon.
Concept Introduction:
VSEPR predicts the geometry and the bond angles for the molecules according to the theory, the structure is predicted by the lone pairs and bond pairs present in the bond formation.
Electron pair = Lone pair + Bond pair.
Electron pair | Hybridization | Geometry | Bond angles. |
2 | sp | Linear | 180° |
3 | sp2 | Trigonal planar | 120° |
4 | sp3 | Tetrahedra or square planar | 109.5° or 90° |
5 | sp3 d | Trigonal bipyramidal | 120° and 90° |
6 | sp3 d2 | Octahedral | 90° |
(c)
Interpretation:
To predict bond angles about each highlighted carbon.
Concept Introduction:
VSEPR predicts the geometry and the bond angles for the molecules according to the theory, the structure is predicted by the lone pairs and bond pairs present in the bond formation.
Electron pair = Lone pair + Bond pair.
Electron pair | Hybridization | Geometry | Bond angles. |
2 | sp | Linear | 180° |
3 | sp2 | Trigonal planar | 120° |
4 | sp3 | Tetrahedra or square planar | 109.5° or 90° |
5 | sp3 d | Trigonal bipyramidal | 120° and 90° |
6 | sp3 d2 | Octahedral | 90° |
(d)
Interpretation:
To predict bond angles about each highlighted carbon.
Concept Introduction:
VSEPR predicts the geometry and the bond angles for the molecules according to the theory, the structure is predicted by the lone pairs and bond pairs present in the bond formation.
Electron pair = Lone pair + Bond pair.
Electron pair | Hybridization | Geometry | Bond angles. |
2 | sp | Linear | 180° |
3 | sp2 | Trigonal planar | 120° |
4 | sp3 | Tetrahedra or square planar | 109.5° or 90° |
5 | sp3 d | Trigonal bipyramidal | 120° and 90° |
6 | sp3 d2 | Octahedral | 90° |
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Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
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