Prescott's Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259281594
Author: Joanne Willey, Linda Sherwood Adjunt Professor Lecturer, Christopher J. Woolverton Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 8CHI
The archaeon Metallosphaera sedula is of great interest to microbiologists in the field of biomining because it might be used to recover base and precious metals. This aerobic thermoacidophile can use organic carbon, ferrous iron (Fe2+), and reduced inorganic sulfur compounds including elemental sulfur (S0) and tetrathionate (S4O62–) as a source of electrons. Thus M. sedula can grow chemoorganotrophically and chemolithotrophically. Genome sequencing reveals that M. sedula has five major terminal oxidase complexes.
Refer to table 10.2 and figure 11.10 to propose the flow of electrons through the electron transport chain when using each of these compounds as the electron source. Which will conserve the most energy and which the least? Why do you think this microbe requires five different terminal oxidases if it always uses O2 as the terminal electron acceptor?
Read the original paper: Auernik, K. S., and Kelly, R. M. 2008. Identification of components of electron transport chains in the extremely thermoacidophilic crenarchaeon Metallosphaera sedula through iron and sulfur oxidation transcriptomes. App. Environ. Microbiol. 74:7723.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following is true about
proteobacteria? Select all that apply.
O they are gram negative
O they are gram positive
O they are typically classified based on their
G+C content
O Agrobacterium is an example of a
proteobacterium
O They are all pathogenic
O None are pathogenic
O Some genera are important members of the
nitrogen cycle
O They are metabolically diverse
Most are extremophiles
O Neisseria is an example of a proteobacterium
discuss at least five different examples of extremophiles on Earth and discuss how they thrive in their special environments (or, each person can choose one extremophile to research and share with the rest of the group).
Extrapolate these extreme survival abilities to the kinds of life that might be able to survive in the very different environments throughout our Solar System? Do you think that watery places like Europa or Enceladus would be a better environment to search for life as opposed to somewhere like the clouds of Venus? Why or why not? For more information on possible life in Venus' atmosphere,
OalgaeBASE
dpalgaeBAsE
B
galgaeBASE
Figure 3. A. Oscillatoria and B. Anabaena under microscope
Reference source: https://www.algaebase.org/search/pictures/
1. What is the colony morphology of these two cyanobacterial species having?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 11.1 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Discuss the ways in which...Ch. 11.1 - Describe the nutritional requirements of the major...Ch. 11.1 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Compare...Ch. 11.1 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply What are the three major...Ch. 11.2 - Is NAD+ reduced to NADH in the catabolic or...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 1RIACh. 11.2 - Why is it to a cells advantage to catabolize...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 3RIACh. 11.4 - Which reactions are examples of substrate-level...Ch. 11.4 - For what kinds of reactions is NADPH used?
Ch. 11.4 - For what macromolecule is ribose 5-phosphate a...Ch. 11.4 - Summarize the major features of the...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 2RIACh. 11.5 - Identify the substrate and products of the TCA...Ch. 11.5 - What chemical intermediate links pyruvate to the...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 3RIACh. 11.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply In what eukaryotic...Ch. 11.5 - Why is it desirable for a microbe with the...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 1MICh. 11.6 - Prob. 2MICh. 11.6 - Prob. 1RIACh. 11.6 - Describe the current model of oxidative...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 3RIACh. 11.6 - Prob. 4RIACh. 11.7 - Prob. 1RIACh. 11.7 - Prob. 2RIACh. 11.7 - Prob. 3RIACh. 11.8 - Prob. 1MICh. 11.8 - Prob. 1RIACh. 11.8 - Prob. 2RIACh. 11.8 - Briefly describe alcoholic, lactic acid, mixed...Ch. 11.8 - Prob. 4RIACh. 11.8 - Prob. 5RIACh. 11.9 - What is the difference between a hydrolase and...Ch. 11.9 - Prob. 2MICh. 11.9 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Briefly discuss the ways in...Ch. 11.9 - Prob. 2RIACh. 11.9 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Describe how a...Ch. 11.10 - How do chemolithotrophs obtain their ATP and...Ch. 11.10 - Prob. 2RIACh. 11.10 - Why can hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria and archaea...Ch. 11.10 - What is reverse electron flow and why do many...Ch. 11.10 - Arsenate is a compound that inhibits...Ch. 11.11 - When electrons from P700 are used to reduce NADP+,...Ch. 11.11 - Define the following terms: light reactions, dark...Ch. 11.11 - Prob. 2RIACh. 11.11 - What is the function of accessory pigments?Ch. 11.11 - Prob. 4RIACh. 11.11 - Compare and contrast anoxygenic phototrophy and...Ch. 11.11 - Prob. 6RIACh. 11 - Without looking in chapters 21 and 22, predict...Ch. 11 - From an evolutionary perspective, discuss why most...Ch. 11 - How would you isolate a thermophilic...Ch. 11 - Certain chemicals block ATP synthesis by allowing...Ch. 11 - Prob. 5CHICh. 11 - A cyanobacterium having photosystem I but not...Ch. 11 - Review the description of the Berkeley Pit Lake in...Ch. 11 - The archaeon Metallosphaera sedula is of great...Ch. 11 - Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria have been thought to be...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa might contribute to denitrification under which conditions? In an anaerobic environment with no carbon/energy source In an anaerobic environment with a carbon/energy source In an aerobic environment with a carbon/energy source In an aerobic environment with no carbon/energy sourcearrow_forwardBacteria that are obligate intracellular pathogens of humans are considered to be Autotrophs Heterotrophs Photosynthetic Hyperthermophiles Chemolithotrophs Which of the following statements best describes the pathogenesis of Clostridium botulinum? It elaborates an exotoxin that is a lecithinase that causes tissue necrosis. It elaborates a toxin that suppresses the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters. It produces a polysaccharide capsule that inhibits phagocytosis and contributes to invasion of the central nervous system. It elaborates a toxin that inhibits the release of acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses. It produces a leukotoxin that leads to abscess formation.arrow_forwardIn the biotechnology industry, lysine is produced by fermentation using which of the following? Leuconostoc mesenteroides Fusarium venenatum Saccharomyces cerevisiae Corynebacterium glutamicum Bacillus subtilisarrow_forward
- Draw a key to differentiate the following bacteria: Cyanobacteria, Cytophaga, Desulfovibrio, Frankia, Hyphomicrobium, Methanogens, Myxobacteria, Nitrobacter, purple bacteria, Sphaerotilus, and Sulfolobus. Also Name the organisms that are important in sewage treatment and can produce a fuel used for home heating and for generating electricity.arrow_forwardExamine the graph shown below of a liquid culture growth curve for S. pneumoniaegrowing in minimal broth containing both glucose and lactose in equal concentrations as a potential carbon source. Answer the following questions: a) Name the growth phases labelled as I, II and III, explain the observed pattern of growth at each of these stages in the curve b) Where would the concentration of cAMP be low and why? c) In what phase would β-galactosidase be high and why? d) What kind of overall growth pattern does this curve illustrate?arrow_forwardAll of the following pertain to archaeobacteria EXCEPT:(a) They include microbes that live in hot acidic environ-ments.(b) All are strict anaerobes.(c) They include microbes that live in extremely saltyenvironments.(d) All lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls.(e) They include microbes that reduce carbon to methanegas.arrow_forward
- Give the following distinct characteristics of the organism in domain archaeaarrow_forwardRefer to the following graph of Carbon Assimilation vs. Irradiance of several cultures of dinoflagellates in the northern Baltic Sea. Samples were treated with varying levels of pH. What is the effect of pH on the metabolism of the cultures? a) The growth of the culture is limited by increasing pH. b) The growth of the culture is increased by increasing pH. c) The growth of the culture is not limited by increasing pH. d) The growth of the culture is not affected by increasing pH or increasing irradiation.arrow_forwardIron bacteria, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, and nitrifying bacteria, which all oxidize inorganic compounds through a series of chemical reactions, are best described as O 1) photoheterotrophs 2) chemoheterotrophs O 3) chemolithotrophs. O 4) photoautotrophs 5) chemoautotrophs.arrow_forward
- Microaerophiles A) O do not require oxygen for growth B) O are the same as facultative anaerobes C) O have the same oxygen reguirements as aerotolerant anaerobes D) O completely lack enzymes protecting them from the damaging effects of oxygen. E O None of the above are correctarrow_forwardCyanobacgeria are capable of photosynthesis, so they are usually called blue-green algae. a) true b) falsearrow_forwardWhat characteristics of azotobacter species protect their nitrogenase enzyme from inactivation by oxygen?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...
Biology
ISBN:9781305117396
Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Explore Terrestrial Habitats - Types of Habitats for Children; Author: Smile and Learn - English;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vv1indKgOHQ;License: Standard youtube license