Prescott's Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259281594
Author: Joanne Willey, Linda Sherwood Adjunt Professor Lecturer, Christopher J. Woolverton Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 40, Problem 1CHI
What is one distinct feature of
Expert Solution & Answer
Summary Introduction
Secondary metabolites are nothing but organic compounds that are derived from certain organisms such as bacteria, fungi, or plants. These secondary metabolites are not directly involved in the normal growth, reproduction, development, and reproduction of the organism.
Explanation of Solution
Fungi cell wall is made up of chitin, which is not found in human cells. The cell wall of fungi membranes contains ergosterol and enzymes. The most commonly used antifungal compounsds have targeted this sterol. Although fungal cell walls are made of chitin, antifungal drugs targeting the cell wall have not been as successful for systemic use.
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Chapter 40 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 40.2 - What is the morphology of B. dermatitidis in the...Ch. 40.2 - Prob. 2MICh. 40.3 - How is a schizont formed? What is the cell type...Ch. 40.3 - What is currently the most effective strategy to...Ch. 40.3 - What is the primary reservoir of leishmanias? What...Ch. 40.3 - Prob. 1RIACh. 40.3 - Prob. 2RIACh. 40.3 - Why is Histoplasma capsulatum found in bird feces...Ch. 40.3 - What flagellated protists invade the blood? What...Ch. 40.3 - Describe the malarial life cycle. What stages of...
Ch. 40.3 - What malarial stages could vaccines block? What...Ch. 40.4 - Prob. 1MICh. 40.4 - How do fungi causing subcutaneous mycoses gain...Ch. 40.4 - Describe two piedras that infect humans.Ch. 40.4 - Briefly describe the major tineas that occur in...Ch. 40.4 - Prob. 3RIACh. 40.4 - How would you diagnose trichomoniasis in a female?...Ch. 40.5 - Upon entry into the human host by the nose or...Ch. 40.6 - How do infections caused by Entamoeba histolytica...Ch. 40.6 - What is the most common cause of epidemic...Ch. 40.6 - In what two ways does Toxoplasma affect human...Ch. 40.6 - Prob. 4RIACh. 40.6 - What parts of the human body can be affected by...Ch. 40.6 - Prob. 6RIACh. 40.6 - When is Pneumocystis pneumonia likely to occur in...Ch. 40 - What is one distinct feature of fungi that could...Ch. 40 - Prob. 2CHICh. 40 - Trypanosomes are notorious for their ability to...Ch. 40 - The initial, nonsymptomatic liver stage (LS) of...Ch. 40 - Prob. 5CHI
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- Are all fungi detrimental for other organisms? Explain why if yes or noarrow_forwardIn 1971, Dr. Akira Endo, working at the Sankyo company in Tokyo speculated that fungi not only contained antibiotics but also inhibitors of other processes such as cholesterol metabolism. Over a period of several years, he screened more than 6,000 fungal cultures until a positive result emerged. This compound, which was named compactin, came from the blue-green mold Penicillium citrinum Pen-5 that was isolated from a rice sample collected at a grain shop in Kyoto. Based on biochemical assays, compactin is the first known statin. 1. The original kinetics data for compactin inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme that was published by Dr. Endo in 1976 is shown on the right. a) Determine the Km and Vmax values for enzymatic activity. Do NOT forget the units. Answers can be expressed either as a fraction or in decimals. With No inhibitor: ; Vmax= -60 1/V, (nanomoles/min)-1 0.4 0.35+ 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 -40 -20 0 + 24 nM compactin + 70 nM compactin None T 20 40 60 1/[HMG-CoA], (mM)-1…arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about fungi is false?a) Fungi may cause disease when growing in or on the human body.b) Some fungi produce toxins that can kill humans.c) Fungal spores may cause allergic responses in humans.d) Systemic mycoses are common in otherwise healthy adults.arrow_forward
- What can lead to the growth of fungi in humans?arrow_forwardDeveloping antifungal drusg is more difficult than developin antibacterial drugs. compounds that harm fungi more frequently cause side effects in humas than compounds that harm bacteria. Explain why this is the case, given the evolutionary relationship among bacteria, fungi, and humas.arrow_forwardThe Fungi are a kingdom driven by their relationships with other taxa. I) What two major roles do fungi play? ii) Describe one example of a specific fungal species that effects humans. Iii) Describe one example of a specific fungal species that effects plants.arrow_forward
- Many fungal infections of humans are considered to be opportunistic, meaning that fungi that are normally free-living (usually in soil) can sometimes survive, and even thrive, on or inside the human body. From the fungal “point of view,” what unique challenges would be encountered when trying to survive on human skin? What about inside human lungs?arrow_forwardWhy are some fungi grouped under "fungi imperfecti"?arrow_forwardThe vegetative hyphae of fungi are involved in: A) the uptake of oxygen O B) production of asexual spores OC) absorbing nutrients OD) production of sexual sporesarrow_forward
- Three mushroom-forming species are adapted to live in the desert. How are desert mushrooms adapted to desert life? Please select all correct answers. a.) By dispersing their spores all at once b.) Caps stay closed to conserve water c.) They only grow underground d.) They release spores continually for days or weeks e.) By digesting dead organic matter.arrow_forwardWhy is drug discovery and design for treatment of fungi more difficult than that for bacteria? fungi are eukaryotic fungi do not contain cell walls fungi are heterotrophic fungi are multicellulararrow_forward12) Identify the most correct choice: a) All fungi reproduce by binary fission. Ob) Fungi are prokaryotes. c) Fungi obtain nourishment via photosynthesis. d) Fungi are eukaryotesarrow_forward
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