Chapter 11, Problem 49A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The errors must be found in the equation ${\text{Cl}}_2+\text{NaI}\to {\mathrm{NaCl}}_2+\text{I}$ and it must be rewritten and balanced.

Concept Introduction :

A balanced equation shows the particles involved in the reaction with respect to mass and charge. In a balanced chemical equation, there are equal number of atoms of the same elements on both sides of the reaction arrow.

Answer to Problem 49A

The balanced equation is ${\text{Cl}}_2+2\text{NaI}\to 2\mathrm{NaCl}+{\text{I}}_2$ .

Explanation of Solution

When chemical equations are balanced, coefficients can be changed but in the given equation the subscripts of salt were changed which is not allowed. Thus, the error is the identity of salts is changed and hence, the equation is rewritten in balanced form as:

  ${\text{Cl}}_2+2\text{NaI}\to 2\mathrm{NaCl}+{\text{I}}_2$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The errors must be found in the equation ${\text{NH}}_3\to \mathrm{N}+{\text{H}}_3$ and it must be rewritten and balanced.

Concept Introduction :

A balanced equation shows the particles involved in the reaction with respect to mass and charge. In a balanced chemical equation, there are equal number of atoms of the same elements on both sides of the reaction arrow.

Answer to Problem 49A

The balanced equation is ${\text{2NH}}_3\to {\mathrm{N}}_2+3{\text{H}}_2$ .

Explanation of Solution

There is an error in the Nitrogen element which is supposed to exist as a diatomic element so the coefficients are adjusted in such a way that the number of atoms of the same element must be the same on both sides of the reaction.

Hence, the equation is rewritten in balanced form as:

  ${\text{2NH}}_3\to {\mathrm{N}}_2+3{\text{H}}_2$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The errors must be found in the equation ${\text{Na + O}}_2\to {\text{NaO}}_2$ and it must be rewritten and balanced.

Concept Introduction :

A balanced equation shows the particles involved in the reaction with respect to mass and charge. In a balanced chemical equation, there are equal number of atoms of the same elements on both sides of the reaction arrow.

Answer to Problem 49A

The balanced equation is ${\text{4Na + O}}_2\to 2{\text{Na}}_2\text{O}$ .

Explanation of Solution

There is an error in the formula for sodium oxide which should be ${\text{Na}}_2\text{O}$ and for making the equation balanced coefficients are adjusted in such a way that the number of atoms of the same element must be the same on both sides of the reaction.

Hence, the equation is rewritten in balanced form as:

  ${\text{4Na + O}}_2\to 2{\text{Na}}_2\text{O}$