General Chemistry: Atoms First
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321809261
Author: John E. McMurry, Robert C. Fay
Publisher: Prentice Hall
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 11.31CP
The following diagram shows a close-up view of part of the vapor-pressure curves for a solvent (red curve) and a solution of the solvent with a second liquid (green curve). Is the second liquid more volatile or less volatile than the solvent?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 11 Solutions
General Chemistry: Atoms First
Ch. 11.2 - Arrange the following compounds in order of their...Ch. 11.2 - Which would you expect to have the larger (more...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 11.3PCh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.4PCh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.5PCh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.6PCh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.7PCh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.8PCh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.9PCh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.10P
Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 11.11PCh. 11.4 - Prob. 11.12PCh. 11.6 - Prob. 11.13PCh. 11.6 - How many grams of NaBr must be added to 250 g of...Ch. 11.6 - The following diagram shows a close-up view of...Ch. 11.6 - (a) What is the vapor pressure in mm Hg of a...Ch. 11.6 - The following phase diagram shows part of the...Ch. 11.7 - What is the normal boiling point in C of a...Ch. 11.7 - What is the freezing point in C of a solution...Ch. 11.7 - Assuming complete dissociation, what is the...Ch. 11.7 - When 9.12 g of HCl was dissolved in 190 g of...Ch. 11.7 - The following phase diagram shows a close-up view...Ch. 11.8 - What osmotic pressure in atmospheres would you...Ch. 11.8 - A solution of an unknown substance in water at 300...Ch. 11.9 - A solution of 0.250 g of naphthalene (mothballs)...Ch. 11.9 - What is the molar mass of sucrose (table sugar) if...Ch. 11.10 - What is the difference between a dialysis membrane...Ch. 11 - The following phase diagram shows part of the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.30CPCh. 11 - The following diagram shows a close-up view of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.32CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.33CPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.34CPCh. 11 - A phase diagram of temperature versus composition...Ch. 11 - The following phase diagram shows a very small...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.38SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.39SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.40SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.41SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.42SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.43SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.44SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.45SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.46SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.47SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.48SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.49SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.50SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.51SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.52SPCh. 11 - Which of the following solutions has the higher...Ch. 11 - What is the mass percent concentration of the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.55SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.56SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.57SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.58SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.59SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.60SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.61SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.62SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.63SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.64SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.65SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.66SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.67SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.68SPCh. 11 - Look at the solubility graph in Figure 11.6, and...Ch. 11 - Vinyl chloride (H2CCHCl), the starting material...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.71SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.72SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.73SPCh. 11 - Sulfur hexafluoride, which is used as a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.75SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.76SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.77SPCh. 11 - Draw a phase diagram showing how the phase...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.79SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.80SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.81SPCh. 11 - What is the boiling point in C of each of the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.83SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.84SPCh. 11 - The vant Hoff factor for KCl is i = 1.85. What is...Ch. 11 - Heptane (C7H16) and octane (C8H18) are...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.87SPCh. 11 - Acetone, C3H6O, and ethyl acetate, C4H8O2, are...Ch. 11 - The industrial solvents chloroform, CHCl3, and...Ch. 11 - What is the mole fraction of each component in the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.91SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.92SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.93SPCh. 11 - A solution of citric acid, C6H8O7, in 50.0 g of...Ch. 11 - What is the normal boiling point in C of ethyl...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.96SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.97SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.98SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.99SPCh. 11 - When salt is spread on snow-covered roads at 2 C,...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.101SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.102SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.103SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.104SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.105SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.106SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.107SPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.108CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.109CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.110CHPCh. 11 - Silver chloride has a solubility of 0.007 mg/mL in...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.112CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.113CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.114CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.115CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.116CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.117CHPCh. 11 - Rubbing alcohol is a 90 mass % solution of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.119CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.120CHPCh. 11 - What is the vant Hoff factor for K2SO4 in an...Ch. 11 - If the vant Hoff factor for LiCl in a 0.62 m...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.123CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.124CHPCh. 11 - Many acids are partially dissociated into ions in...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.126CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.127CHPCh. 11 - A solution of LiCl in a mixture of water and...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.129CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.130CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.131CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.132CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.133CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.134CHPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.135CHPCh. 11 - A solution prepared by dissolving 100.0 g of a...Ch. 11 - Treatment of 1.385 g of an unknown metal M with an...Ch. 11 - A compound that contains only C and H was burned...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.139MPCh. 11 - When 8.900 g of a mixture of an alkali metal...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.141MP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A forensic chemist is given a white solid that is suspected of being pure cocaine (C17H21NO4, molar mass = 303.35 g/mol). She dissolves 1.22 0.01 g of the solid in 15.60 0.01 g benzene. The freezing point is lowered by 1.32 0.04C. a. What is the molar mass of the substance? Assuming that the percent uncertainty in the calculated molar mass is the same as the percent uncertainty in the temperature change, calculate the uncertainty in the molar mass. b. Could the chemist unequivocally state that the substance is cocaine? For example, is the uncertainty small enough to distinguish cocaine from codeine (C18H21NO3, molar mass = 299.36 g/mol)? c. Assuming that the absolute uncertainties in the measurements of temperature and mass remain unchanged, how could the chemist improve the precision of her results?arrow_forwardVapor-pressure lowering is a colligative property, as are freezing-point depression and boiling-point elevation. What is a colligative property? Why is the freezing point depressed for a solution as compared to the pure solvent? Why is the boiling point elevated for a solution as compared to the pure solvent? Explain how to calculate T for a freezing-point depression problem or a boiling-point elevation problem. Of the solvents listed in Table 10-5, which would have the largest freezing-point depression for a 0.50 molal solution? Which would have the smallest boiling-point elevation for a 0.50 molal solution? A common application of freezing-point depression and boiling-point elevation experiments is to provide a means to calculate the molar mass of a nonvolatile solute. What data are needed to calculate the molar mass of a nonvolatile solute? Explain how you would manipulate these data to calculate the molar mass of the nonvolatile solute.arrow_forwardPredict the relative solubility of each compound in the two solvents, based on the intermolecular attractions. (a) Is potassium iodide more soluble in water or in methylene chloride (CH2Cl2)? (b) Is toluene (C6H5CH3) more soluble in benzene (C6H6) or in water? (c) Is ethylene glycol (C2H4(OH)2) more soluble in hexane (C6H14) or in ethanol (C2H5OH)?arrow_forward
- You have read that adding a solute to a solvent can both increase the boiling point and decrease the freezing point. A friend of yours explains it to you like this: The solute and solvent can be like salt in water. The salt gets in the way of freezing in that it blocks the water molecules from joining together. The salt acts like a strong bond holding the water molecules together so that it is harder to boil. What do you say to your friend?arrow_forwardA liquid solution consists of 0.30 mole fraction ethylene dibromide, C2H4Br2, and 0.70 mole fraction propylene dibromide, C2H4Br2. Both ethylene dibromide and propylene dibromide are volatile liquids; their vapor pressures at 85C are 173 mmHg and 127 mmHg, respectively. Assume that each compound follows Raoults law in the solution. Calculate the total vapor pressure of the solution.arrow_forward1. Vapor pressure: Arrange the following aqueous solutions in order of increasing vapor pressure at 25°C: 0.35 m C2H4(OH)2 (ethylene glycol, nonvolatile solute); 0.50 m sugar; 0.20 m KBr; and 0.20 m Na2SO4. C2H4(OH)2 < sugar < KBr < Na2SO4 Na2SO4 < sugar < KBr < C2H4(OH)2 sugar < C2H4(OH)2 < KBr < Na2SO4 KBr < sugar < Na2SO4 < C2H4(OH)2arrow_forward
- Freezing point depression is one means of determining the molar mass of a compound. The freezing point depression constant of benzene is 5.12 C/m. a. When a 0.503 g sample of the white crystalline dimer is dissolved in 10.0 g benzene, the freezing point of benzene is decreased by 0542 C. Verify that the molar mass of the dimer is 475 g/mol when determined by freezing point depression. Assume no dissociation of the dimer occurs. b. The correct molar mass of the dimer is 487 g/mol. Explain why the dissociation equilibrium causes the freezing point depression calculation to yield a lower molar mass for the dimer.arrow_forwardSodium chloride (NaCl) is commonly used to melt ice on roads during the winter. Calcium chloride (CaCl2) is sometimes used for this purpose too. Let us compare the effectiveness of equal masses of these two compounds in lowering the freezing point of water, by calculating the freezing point depression of solutions containing 200. g of each salt in 1.00 kg of water. (An advantage of CaCl2 is that it acts more quickly because it is hygroscopic, that is. it absorbs moisture from the air to give a solution and begin the process. A disadvantage is that this compound is more costly.)arrow_forwardPredict the relative solubility of each compound in the two solvents, on the basis of intermolecular attractions. (a) Is Br2 more soluble in water or in carbon tetrachloride? (b) Is CaCl2 more soluble in water or in benzene (C6H6)? (c) Is chloroform (CHCl3) more soluble in water or in diethyl ether [(C2H5)2O]? (d) Is ethylene glycol (HOCH2CH2OH) more soluble in water or in benzene (C6H6)?arrow_forward
- A compound contains 42.9% C, 2.4% H, 16.6% N, and 38.1% O. The addition of 3.16 g of this compound to 75.0 mL of cyclohexane (d=0.779g/mL) gives a solution with a freezing point at 0.0C. Using Table 10.2, determine the molecular formula of the compound.arrow_forwardPredict the relative solubility of each compound in the two solvents, on the basis of intermolecular attractions. (a) Is NaCl more soluble in water or in carbon tetrachloride? (b) Is I2 more soluble in water or in toluene (C6H5CH3)? (c) Is ethanol (C2H5OH) more soluble in hexane or in water? (d) Is ethylene glycol (HOCH2CH2OH) more soluble in ethanol or in benzene (C6H6)?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Matter and Change
Chemistry
ISBN:9780078746376
Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133949640
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079373
Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Solutions: Crash Course Chemistry #27; Author: Crash Course;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9h2f1Bjr0p4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY