Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781133104261
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 10, Problem 2CQ
To determine
Changing the axis of rotation of an object changes the moment of inertia.
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Question B3
Consider the following FLRW spacetime:
t2
ds² = -dt² +
(dx²
+ dy²+ dz²),
t2
where t is a constant.
a)
State whether this universe is spatially open, closed or flat.
[2 marks]
b) Determine the Hubble factor H(t), and represent it in a (roughly drawn) plot as a function
of time t, starting at t = 0.
[3 marks]
c) Taking galaxy A to be located at (x, y, z) = (0,0,0), determine the proper distance to galaxy
B located at (x, y, z) = (L, 0, 0). Determine the recessional velocity of galaxy B with respect
to galaxy A.
d) The Friedmann equations are
2
k
8πG
а
4πG
+
a²
(p+3p).
3
a
3
[5 marks]
Use these equations to determine the energy density p(t) and the pressure p(t) for the
FLRW spacetime specified at the top of the page.
[5 marks]
e) Given the result of question B3.d, state whether the FLRW universe in question is (i)
radiation-dominated, (ii) matter-dominated, (iii) cosmological-constant-dominated, or (iv)
none of the previous. Justify your answer.
f)
[5 marks]
A conformally…
SECTION B
Answer ONLY TWO questions in Section B
[Expect to use one single-sided A4 page for each Section-B sub question.]
Question B1
Consider the line element
where w is a constant.
ds²=-dt²+e2wt dx²,
a) Determine the components of the metric and of the inverse metric.
[2 marks]
b) Determine the Christoffel symbols. [See the Appendix of this document.]
[10 marks]
c)
Write down the geodesic equations.
[5 marks]
d) Show that e2wt it is a constant of geodesic motion.
[4 marks]
e)
Solve the geodesic equations for null geodesics.
[4 marks]
Page 2
SECTION A
Answer ALL questions in Section A
[Expect to use one single-sided A4 page for each Section-A sub question.]
Question A1
SPA6308 (2024)
Consider Minkowski spacetime in Cartesian coordinates th
=
(t, x, y, z), such that
ds² = dt² + dx² + dy² + dz².
(a) Consider the vector with components V" = (1,-1,0,0). Determine V and V. V.
(b) Consider now the coordinate system x' (u, v, y, z) such that
u =t-x,
v=t+x.
[2 marks]
Write down the line element, the metric, the Christoffel symbols and the Riemann curvature
tensor in the new coordinates. [See the Appendix of this document.]
[5 marks]
(c) Determine V", that is, write the object in question A1.a in the coordinate system x'. Verify
explicitly that V. V is invariant under the coordinate transformation.
Question A2
[5 marks]
Suppose that A, is a covector field, and consider the object
Fv=AAμ.
(a) Show explicitly that F is a tensor, that is, show that it transforms appropriately under a
coordinate transformation.
[5 marks]
(b)…
Chapter 10 Solutions
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Ch. 10.1 - A rigid object is rotating in a counterclockwise...Ch. 10.2 - Consider again the pairs of angular positions for...Ch. 10.3 - Ethan and Joseph are riding on a merry-go-round....Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 10.4QQCh. 10.5 - (i) If you are trying to loosen a stubborn screw...Ch. 10.7 - Prob. 10.6QQCh. 10.9 - A solid sphere and a hollow sphere have the same...Ch. 10.10 - A competitive diver leaves the diving board and...Ch. 10.12 - Two items A and B are placed at the top of an...Ch. 10 - A cyclist rides a bicycle with a wheel radius of...
Ch. 10 - Prob. 2OQCh. 10 - Prob. 3OQCh. 10 - Prob. 4OQCh. 10 - Assume a single 300-N force is exerted on a...Ch. 10 - Consider an object on a rotating disk a distance r...Ch. 10 - Answer yes or no to the following questions. (a)...Ch. 10 - Figure OQ10.8 shows a system of four particles...Ch. 10 - As shown in Figure OQ10.9, a cord is wrapped onto...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10OQCh. 10 - Prob. 11OQCh. 10 - A constant net torque is exerted on an object....Ch. 10 - Let us name three perpendicular directions as...Ch. 10 - A rod 7.0 m long is pivoted at a point 2.0 m from...Ch. 10 - Prob. 15OQCh. 10 - A 20.0-kg horizontal plank 4.00 m long rests on...Ch. 10 - (a) What is the angular speed of the second hand...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2CQCh. 10 - Prob. 3CQCh. 10 - Which of the entries in Table 10.2 applies to...Ch. 10 - Prob. 5CQCh. 10 - Prob. 6CQCh. 10 - Prob. 7CQCh. 10 - Prob. 8CQCh. 10 - Three objects of uniform densitya solid sphere, a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 10CQCh. 10 - If the torque acting on a particle about an axis...Ch. 10 - Prob. 12CQCh. 10 - Stars originate as large bodies of slowly rotating...Ch. 10 - Prob. 14CQCh. 10 - Prob. 15CQCh. 10 - Prob. 16CQCh. 10 - Prob. 17CQCh. 10 - During a certain time interval, the angular...Ch. 10 - A bar on a hinge starts from rest and rotates with...Ch. 10 - Prob. 3PCh. 10 - Prob. 4PCh. 10 - The tub of a washer goes into its spin cycle,...Ch. 10 - Why is the following situation impossible?...Ch. 10 - An electric motor rotating a workshop grinding...Ch. 10 - Prob. 8PCh. 10 - Prob. 9PCh. 10 - A wheel 2.00 m in diameter lies in a vertical...Ch. 10 - A disk 8.00 cm in radius rotates at a constant...Ch. 10 - Make an order-of-magnitude estimate of the number...Ch. 10 - A car traveling on a flat (unbanked), circular...Ch. 10 - Prob. 14PCh. 10 - A digital audio compact disc carries data, each...Ch. 10 - Figure P10.16 shows the drive train of a bicycle...Ch. 10 - Big Ben, the Parliament tower clock in London, has...Ch. 10 - Rigid rods of negligible mass lying along the y...Ch. 10 - A war-wolf, or trebuchet, is a device used during...Ch. 10 - Prob. 20PCh. 10 - Review. Consider the system shown in Figure P10.21...Ch. 10 - The fishing pole in Figure P10.22 makes an angle...Ch. 10 - Find the net torque on the wheel in Figure P10.23...Ch. 10 - Prob. 24PCh. 10 - Prob. 25PCh. 10 - Prob. 26PCh. 10 - A force of F=(2.00i+3.00j) N is applied to an...Ch. 10 - A uniform beam resting on two pivots has a length...Ch. 10 - Prob. 29PCh. 10 - Prob. 30PCh. 10 - Figure P10.31 shows a claw hammer being used to...Ch. 10 - Prob. 32PCh. 10 - A 15.0-m uniform ladder weighing 500 N rests...Ch. 10 - A uniform ladder of length L and mass m1 rests...Ch. 10 - BIO The arm in Figure P10.35 weighs 41.5 N. The...Ch. 10 - A crane of mass m1 = 3 000 kg supports a load of...Ch. 10 - An electric motor turns a flywheel through a drive...Ch. 10 - Prob. 38PCh. 10 - Prob. 39PCh. 10 - In Figure P10.40, the hanging object has a mass of...Ch. 10 - A potters wheela thick stone disk of radius 0.500...Ch. 10 - A model airplane with mass 0.750 kg is tethered to...Ch. 10 - Consider two objects with m1 m2 connected by a...Ch. 10 - Review. An object with a mass of m = 5.10 kg is...Ch. 10 - A playground merry-go-round of radius R = 2.00 m...Ch. 10 - The position vector of a particle of mass 2.00 kg...Ch. 10 - Prob. 48PCh. 10 - Big Ben (Fig. P10.17), the Parliament tower clock...Ch. 10 - A disk with moment of inertia I1 rotates about a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 51PCh. 10 - A space station is constructed in the shape of a...Ch. 10 - Prob. 53PCh. 10 - Why is the following situation impossible? A space...Ch. 10 - The puck in Figure 10.25 has a mass of 0.120 kg....Ch. 10 - A student sits on a freely rotating stool holding...Ch. 10 - Prob. 57PCh. 10 - Prob. 58PCh. 10 - A cylinder of mass 10.0 kg rolls without slipping...Ch. 10 - A uniform solid disk and a uniform hoop are placed...Ch. 10 - A metal can containing condensed mushroom soup has...Ch. 10 - A tennis ball is a hollow sphere with a thin wall....Ch. 10 - Prob. 63PCh. 10 - Review. A mixing beater consists of three thin...Ch. 10 - A long, uniform rod of length L and mass M is...Ch. 10 - The hour hand and the minute hand of Big Ben, the...Ch. 10 - Two astronauts (Fig. P10.67), each having a mass...Ch. 10 - Two astronauts (Fig. P10.67), each having a mass...Ch. 10 - Prob. 69PCh. 10 - Prob. 70PCh. 10 - The reel shown in Figure P10.71 has radius R and...Ch. 10 - Review. A block of mass m1 = 2.00 kg and a block...Ch. 10 - A stepladder of negligible weight is constructed...Ch. 10 - A stepladder of negligible weight is constructed...Ch. 10 - A wad of sticky clay with mass m and velocity vi...Ch. 10 - Prob. 76PCh. 10 - Prob. 77PCh. 10 - Review. A string is wound around a uniform disk of...Ch. 10 - Prob. 79PCh. 10 - Prob. 80PCh. 10 - A projectile of mass m moves to the right with a...Ch. 10 - Figure P10.82 shows a vertical force applied...Ch. 10 - A solid sphere of mass m and radius r rolls...Ch. 10 - Prob. 84PCh. 10 - BIO When a gymnast performing on the rings...
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Rotational Kinetic Energy; Author: AK LECTURES;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5P3DGdyimI;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY