
(a)
Interpretation:
The product expected when
Concept introduction:
Alcohols undergo nucleophilic substitution reaction in the presence of halogen acids. The hydroxide group leaves after protonation and halogen group comes in via

Answer to Problem 10.40AP
The product obtained on the reaction of
Explanation of Solution
The product obtained on the reaction of
Figure 1
The
The product obtained on the reaction of
(b)
Interpretation:
The product expected when
Concept introduction:
Primary and secondary alcohols can be oxidized into

Answer to Problem 10.40AP
No product is obtained on the reaction of
Explanation of Solution
The product obtained on the reaction of
Figure 2
No reaction takes place between
No product is obtained on the reaction of
(c)
Interpretation:
The product expected when
Concept introduction:
An

Answer to Problem 10.40AP
The product obtained on the reaction of
Explanation of Solution
The product obtained on the reaction of
Figure 3
The alcohol
The product obtained on the reaction of
(d)
Interpretation:
The product expected when
Concept introduction:
Free radical reaction are the reaction in which the bond between the molecule is broken homolytically due to the presence of light energy. These kind of reactions are generally obtained with alkenes when reacted with halogen in the presence of light or peroxides.

Answer to Problem 10.40AP
No product is obtained when
Explanation of Solution
No reaction product is obtained on the reaction of
No product is obtained when
(e)
Interpretation:
The product expected when
Concept introduction:
Acid-base reaction are among the fastest reaction in the chemistry. Acids and bases reacts vigorously generating heat and water normally. Metals are basic in nature due to the presence of free electrons to donate. Alcohols are both acidic and basic in nature.

Answer to Problem 10.40AP
The product obtained on the reaction of
Explanation of Solution
The product obtained on the reaction of
Figure 4
The alcohol
The product obtained on the reaction of
(f)
Interpretation:
The product expected when
Concept introduction:
The hydroxide group in alcohols is not a good leaving group that can perform a nucleophilic substitution reaction on alcohols to produce more compounds. Hydroxide group is made a good leaving group with the help of some compounds like methanesulfonyl chloride and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride.

Answer to Problem 10.40AP
The product obtained on the reaction of
Explanation of Solution
The product obtained on the reaction of
Figure 5
The reaction of an alcohol with sulfonate derivatives such as methanesulfonyl chloride and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride are done to make hydroxide group and good leaving group. Pyridine being more basic takes up the proton of the hydroxide group make it a good nucleophile at first. This nucleophiles then substitute the chloride group of methanesulfonyl chloride leading to the formation of an ester. Same happens here in this reaction
The product obtained on the reaction of
(g)
Interpretation:
The product expected when the product of part (f) is reacted with
Concept introduction:
An

Answer to Problem 10.40AP
The product expected when the product of part (f) is reacted with
Explanation of Solution
The product obtained in part (f) is
The product obtained on the reaction of
Figure 6
The
The product expected when the product of part (f) is reacted with
(h)
Interpretation:
The product expected when the product of part (e) is reacted with the product of part (a) is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
An

Answer to Problem 10.40AP
The products obtained on the reaction of
Explanation of Solution
The product of part (a) is
The products obtained on the reaction of
Figure 7
The reaction undergoes via
The products obtained on the reaction of
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- → Acetyl-CoA + 3NAD+ + 1FAD + 1ADP 2CO2 + CoA + 3NADH + 1FADH2 + 1ATP a. Which of the above are the reactants? b. Which of the above are the products? c. Which reactant is the electron donor? d. Which reactants are the electron acceptors? e. Which of the products are now reduced? f. Which product is now oxidized? g. Which process was used to produce the ATP? h. Where was the energy initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished? i. Where was the carbon initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished? j. Where were the electrons initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished?arrow_forwardRank each of the following substituted benzene molecules in order of which will react fastest (1) to slowest (4) by electrophilic aromatic substitution. OCH 3 (Choose one) OH (Choose one) Br (Choose one) Explanation Check NO2 (Choose one) © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Aarrow_forwardFor each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Molecule Inductive Effects O donating O withdrawing O no inductive effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density ○ donating ○ withdrawing O no resonance effects O electron-rich O electron-deficient O similar to benzene Cl O donating O withdrawing ○ donating ○ withdrawing O no inductive effects O no resonance effects O Explanation Check O electron-rich O electron-deficient similar to benzene X © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessarrow_forward
- Identifying electron-donating and For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Molecule Inductive Effects NH2 ○ donating NO2 Explanation Check withdrawing no inductive effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density ○ donating O withdrawing O no resonance effects O donating O withdrawing O donating withdrawing O no inductive effects Ono resonance effects O electron-rich electron-deficient O similar to benzene O electron-rich O electron-deficient O similar to benzene olo 18 Ar 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibilityarrow_forwardRank each of the following substituted benzene molecules in order of which will react fastest (1) to slowest (4) by electrophilic aromatic substitution. Explanation Check Х (Choose one) OH (Choose one) OCH3 (Choose one) OH (Choose one) © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Centerarrow_forwardAssign R or S to all the chiral centers in each compound drawn below porat bg 9 Br Brarrow_forward
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