Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780073402772
Author: Janice G. Smith
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 1, Problem 1.1P

While the most common isotope of nitrogen has a mass number of 14 (nitrogen- 14 ), a radioactive isotope of nitrogen has a mass number of 13 (nitrogen- 13 ). Nitrogen- 13 is used in PET (positron emission tomography) scans by physicians to monitor brain activity and diagnose dementia. For each isotope, give the following information: (a) the number of protons; (b) the number of neutrons; (c) the number of electrons in the neutral atom; and (d) the group number.

Expert Solution
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Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The number of protons in nitrogen-13 and nitrogen-14 is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: Isotopes of a particular element have different number of neutrons. The mass number of an atom is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. In a neutral atom, number of protons in a nucleus is equal to the number of electrons.

Answer to Problem 1.1P

The number of protons in nitrogen-13 isotope is 7. The number of protons in nitrogen-14 isotope is 7.

Explanation of Solution

Atomic number of nitrogen is 7. Hence, the number of protons in nitrogen-13 isotope is 7 and nitrogen-14 isotope is 7.

Conclusion

The number of protons in nitrogen-13 isotope is 7. The number of protons in nitrogen-14 isotope is 7.

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The number of protons in nitrogen-13 and nitrogen-14 is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: Isotopes of a particular element have different number of neutrons. The mass number of an atom is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. In a neutral atom, number of protons in a nucleus is equal to the number of electrons.

Answer to Problem 1.1P

The number of neutrons in nitrogen-13 is 6 and the number of neutrons is nitrogen-14 is 7.

Explanation of Solution

Number of neutrons is calculated by the formula,

Massnumber=Number ofprotons+Number ofneutrons

The number of protons in nitrogen-13 isotope is 7.

Substitute the value of number of protons in nitrogen-13 and mass number in the above formula.

13=7+Number ofneutronsNumber ofneutrons=137=6

Hence, the number of neutrons is nitrogen-13 is 6.

The number of protons in nitrogen-14 isotope is 7.

Substitute the value of number of protons and mass number in the above formula.

14=7+NumberofneutronsNumber ofneutrons=147=7

Hence, the number of neutrons is nitrogen-14 is 7.

Conclusion

The number of neutrons in nitrogen-13 is 6 and the number of neutrons is nitrogen-14 is 7.

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The number of electrons in the neutral atom is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: Isotopes of a particular element have different number of neutrons. The mass number of an atom is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. In a neutral atom, number of protons in a nucleus is equal to the number of electrons.

Answer to Problem 1.1P

The number of electrons in the neutral atom is 7.

Explanation of Solution

Atomic number of nitrogen is 7. The number of protons in nitrogen-13 isotope is 7 and nitrogen-14 isotope is 7. Number of protons is equal to number of electrons in neutral atom. Hence, the number of electrons in the neutral atom is 7.

Conclusion

The number of electrons in neutral atom is 7.

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: The group number of Nitrogen atom is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: Isotopes of a particular element have different number of neutrons. The mass number of an atom is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. In a neutral atom, number of protons in a nucleus is equal to the number of electrons.

Answer to Problem 1.1P

The group number of Nitrogen atom is 5A.

Explanation of Solution

In the periodic table of elements, each column is identified by a group number, Arabic 1to8 or Roman (ItoVIII) numeral followed by the letter A or B. The group number of nitrogen atom is 5A.

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Chapter 1 Solutions

Organic Chemistry

Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.11PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.12PCh. 1 - Draw a second resonance structure for each...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.14PCh. 1 - Draw a second resonance structure for nitrous...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.16PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.17PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.18PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.19PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.20PCh. 1 - Simplify each condensed structure by using...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.22PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.23PCh. 1 - Convert each skeletal structure to a complete...Ch. 1 - Draw in all hydrogens and lone pairs on the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.26PCh. 1 - What orbitals are used to form each of the CC, and...Ch. 1 - What orbitals are used to form each bond in the...Ch. 1 - Determine the hybridization around the highlighted...Ch. 1 - Classify each bond in the following molecules as ...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.31PCh. 1 - Rank the following atoms in order of increasing...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.33PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.34PCh. 1 - Provide the following information about...Ch. 1 - Use the ball-and-stick model to answer each...Ch. 1 - Citric acid is responsible for the tartness of...Ch. 1 - Zingerone gives ginger its pungent taste. a.What...Ch. 1 - Two radioactive isotopes of iodine used for the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.40PCh. 1 - Assign formal charges to each carbon atom in the...Ch. 1 - Assign formal charges to each N and O atom in the...Ch. 1 - Draw one valid Lewis structure for each compound....Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.44PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.45PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.46PCh. 1 - Draw all possible isomers for each molecular...Ch. 1 - 1.45 Draw Lewis structures for the nine isomers...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.49PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.50PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.51PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.52PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.53PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.54PCh. 1 - Draw all reasonable resonance structures for each...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.56PCh. 1 - Rank the resonance structures in each group in...Ch. 1 - 1.56 Consider the compounds and ions with curved...Ch. 1 - 1.57 Predict all bond angles in each...Ch. 1 - Predict the geometry around each indicated atom....Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.61PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.62PCh. 1 - Draw in all the carbon and hydrogen atoms in each...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.64PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.65PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.66PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.67PCh. 1 - Each of the following condensed or skeletal...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.69PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.70PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.71PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.72PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.73PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.74PCh. 1 - Two useful organic compounds that contain Cl atoms...Ch. 1 - Use the symbols + and to indicate the polarity of...Ch. 1 - Label the polar bonds in each molecule. Indicate...Ch. 1 - Answer the following questions about acetonitrile...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.79PCh. 1 - The principles of this chapter can be applied to...Ch. 1 - a. What is the hybridization of each N atom in...Ch. 1 - 1.77 Stalevo is the trade name for a medication...Ch. 1 - 1.78 and are two highly reactive carbon...Ch. 1 - 1.79 The N atom in (acetamide) is hybridized,...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.85PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.86PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.87PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.88PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.89PCh. 1 - Prob. 1.90P
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