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WRT is a gene in C. elegans worms which is normally expressed in a specific stage of development. Worms without this gene (wrt-/wrt- genotype) survive, but grow too large, never develop some parts of their anatomy. Over-expression of WRT results in a different phenotype: the worms have stunted growth, developing mature anatomical structures too early in their growth. The following experiments were used to learn how WRT is regulated.

WRT is a gene in C. elegans worms which is normally expressed in a specific stage of development. Worms without this gene (wrt-/wrt- genotype) survive, but grow too large, never develop some parts of their anatomy. Over-expression of WRT results in a different phenotype: the worms have stunted growth, developing mature anatomical structures too early in their growth. The following experiments were used to learn how WRT is regulated.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
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**Title: Regulation of the WRT Gene in C. elegans** **Overview:** WRT is a gene in C. elegans worms, typically expressed during a specific developmental stage. Worms lacking this gene (wrt-/wrt- genotype) survive but exhibit excessive growth and fail to develop certain anatomical parts. Over-expression of WRT leads to stunted growth with premature anatomical development. The following experiments explore how WRT is regulated. **Experiment Details:** a. **Gene Loci Investigation:** Researchers explored whether genetic loci involved in worm development regulate WRT. Mating experiments suggest that some genes have epistatic relationships with WRT. - i. Genes epistatic to WRT are unlikely to regulate WRT. - ii. Genes epistatic to WRT are likely to regulate WRT. - iii. Epistasis cannot determine if another gene is in the same pathway as WRT. b. **Locus 1 Deletion:** Deleting locus 1 in a WRT wildtype background causes the wrt- associated phenotype (large but underdeveloped worms). The possible functions for locus 1 include: - Activator - Repressor - Enhancer/silencer - Cannot be any of these c. **Locus 1 Relocation:** Relocating locus 1 in a WRT wildtype worm also results in the wrt- phenotype. Functions of locus 1 pertaining to this observation: - Activator - Repressor - Enhancer/silencer - Cannot be any of these d. **Function Mechanism of Locus 1:** How locus 1 performs its function: - i. Encodes a protein that prevents transcriptional activation - ii. Encodes a protein that recognizes specific DNA sequences - iii. Encodes an RNA molecule with a regulatory function - iv. Provides a specific binding site for regulatory proteins - v. None of these e. **Locus 2 Deletion:** Deleting locus 2 in a WRT wildtype background causes stunted growth, typical of WRT overexpression. Possible functions of locus 2: - Activator - Repressor - Enhancer/silencer - Cannot be any of these f. **Extra Copies of Locus 3
Transcribed Image Text:**Title: Regulation of the WRT Gene in C. elegans** **Overview:** WRT is a gene in C. elegans worms, typically expressed during a specific developmental stage. Worms lacking this gene (wrt-/wrt- genotype) survive but exhibit excessive growth and fail to develop certain anatomical parts. Over-expression of WRT leads to stunted growth with premature anatomical development. The following experiments explore how WRT is regulated. **Experiment Details:** a. **Gene Loci Investigation:** Researchers explored whether genetic loci involved in worm development regulate WRT. Mating experiments suggest that some genes have epistatic relationships with WRT. - i. Genes epistatic to WRT are unlikely to regulate WRT. - ii. Genes epistatic to WRT are likely to regulate WRT. - iii. Epistasis cannot determine if another gene is in the same pathway as WRT. b. **Locus 1 Deletion:** Deleting locus 1 in a WRT wildtype background causes the wrt- associated phenotype (large but underdeveloped worms). The possible functions for locus 1 include: - Activator - Repressor - Enhancer/silencer - Cannot be any of these c. **Locus 1 Relocation:** Relocating locus 1 in a WRT wildtype worm also results in the wrt- phenotype. Functions of locus 1 pertaining to this observation: - Activator - Repressor - Enhancer/silencer - Cannot be any of these d. **Function Mechanism of Locus 1:** How locus 1 performs its function: - i. Encodes a protein that prevents transcriptional activation - ii. Encodes a protein that recognizes specific DNA sequences - iii. Encodes an RNA molecule with a regulatory function - iv. Provides a specific binding site for regulatory proteins - v. None of these e. **Locus 2 Deletion:** Deleting locus 2 in a WRT wildtype background causes stunted growth, typical of WRT overexpression. Possible functions of locus 2: - Activator - Repressor - Enhancer/silencer - Cannot be any of these f. **Extra Copies of Locus 3
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